Collaborative Research: Developing and Improving Scripps Shallow Water Mapping Capability

PI要求提供资金，以建立和维护斯克里普斯世界级的浅水海底成像和多波束测绘能力。为了实现这一目标，我们正在与佛罗里达大西洋大学和Edgetech合作，建立下一代合成孔径声纳（SAS）CHIRP，并将此海底成像系统与窄波束RESON SeaBat 7125浅水，杆安装条带测深和反向散射系统相结合。这些成像系统将成为斯克里普斯浅水仪器池的支柱，该仪器池将提供给美国研究和教育界。下一代CHIRP系统将显著提高穿透力、空间分辨率和海底图像的动态范围。合成孔径处理、接收阵列几何结构和投影仪进步的组合预计将比常规CHIRP声纳至少提高4倍的地下穿透。SAS-CHIRP系统还将利用波束形成和机翼仰角抑制表面多次波，在最浅的环境中提供更大的“真实”穿透深度。在不增加声输出水平的情况下增加穿透力，具有明显的环境效益。多波束系统将部署在一个杆架上，用于多艘船舶，为在浅水沃茨作业的小型船舶提供更大的灵活性。该系统利用256个聚焦的0.5x1 °波束（400 kHz）提供海底高分辨率覆盖，并在1 - 200米水深范围内产生130 °条带覆盖（4倍水深）。更广泛的影响：拟议中的系统应提供适用于一系列任务（包括地质灾害和海啸问题）的海底和地下测绘能力的巨大飞跃。Drivel在让学生参与他的工作方面有着良好的记录，这应该会导致下一代高分辨率底层绘图员的培训。Drivel在提供本科生培训方面也有很好的记录，毫无疑问，它也会使用这里提出的工具来进行这些努力。 能够在复杂的沉积物地层中解析精细尺度的三维结构是一种将使广泛的科学受益的能力。将便携式条带测绘系统与联合国海洋和海洋事务研究所现有的SUBSCAN能力结合起来，将是一项重要的区域能力，可用于基本测绘和高度优先地区的时序成像。如果SAS CHIRP成功地提高了底层数据的渗透率和分辨率，那么这种能力将受到更大的追捧，并推动许多领域的研究计划，包括底栖生物栖息地研究，海岸变化，沿海地区对灾难性灾害的脆弱性（地震和海啸），沉积物输运力学，与NSF Margins计划相关的沉积过程研究（想到源到汇），以及国家在近岸地区环境研究中的各种利益。

The PIs request funding to build on and maintain Scripps' world-class shallow-water subbottom imaging and multibeam mapping capability. Toward this goal, we are collaborating with Florida Atlantic University, and Edgetech to build the next generation synthetic-aperture-sonar (SAS) CHIRP, and integrate this subbottom imaging system with a narrow-beam RESON SeaBat 7125 shallow-water, pole-mounted swath bathymetry and backscatter system. These imaging systems will form the backbone of Scripps' shallow-water instrument pool, which will be made available to the U.S. research and education community. The next generation CHIRP system will significantly improve penetration, spatial resolution and dynamic range of subbottom imagery. The combination of synthetic aperture processing, receiving array geometry and projector advances is expected to improve subsurface penetration by at least a factor of 4 over conventional CHIRP sonars. The SAS-CHIRP system will also suppress surface multiples using beam forming and the wing elevation angle, providing even greater "true" depth penetration in the shallowest of environments. Increased penetration will be achieved without increasing sound output level, which has obvious environmental benefits. The multibeam system will be deployed on a pole mount for use on multiple vessels, giving greater flexibility for use with small ships, operating in shallow waters. This system provides high-resolution coverage of the seafloor with 256 focused 0.5 x 1° beams (400 kHz) and yields 130° swath coverage (4X water depth) in water depths ranging from 1 - 200 m. Broader Impacts:The proposed system should offer a big leap in seafloor and subsurface mapping capability applicable to a range of tasks including geohazards and tsunamic issues. Driscoll has a good track record of involving students in his work and this should result in the training of the next generation of high-resolution subfloor mappers. Driscoll also has an excellent record of offering undergraduate training and will no doubt use the tools proposed here for these efforts too. Being able to resolve fine-scale, three-dimensional structures in complex sediment stratigraphies is a capability that will benefit a wide range of science. The integration of a portable swath mapping system to the existing SUBSCAN capability at SCRIPPS would be an important regional capability for fundamental mapping, and time-series imaging of high-priority areas. If the SAS CHIRP succeeds in increasing the penetration and resolution of subbottom data as well, the capability will be even more heavily sought after and advance research programs in a number of fields including, benthic habitat studies, coastal change, vulnerability of coastal zone to catastrophic hazards (earthquake and tsunami), sediment transport mechanics, sedimentary process studies linked to the NSF Margins program (Source-to-Sink comes to mind), and varied interests of the State(s) in environmental studies of nearshore areas.