Optical Antennas

光学天线

• 批准号: 0651079
• 负责人: Lukas Novotny
• 金额: $ 27万
• 依托单位: University of Rochester
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-11-01 至 2011-10-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0651079&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Optical; Antennas

Intellectual Merits: Antennas are widely used by radiowave and microwave devices (e.g. cell phones, television, satellite communication, etc.) to release and capture electromagnetic energy. However the optical analogue is basically non-existing in today's technology. Instead, optical radiation is manipulated by redirecting the wavefronts with lenses and mirrors. Consequently, because of diffraction, optical fields cannot be localized to dimensions much smaller than the optical wavelength. Antennas have a characteristic dimension on the order of the wavelength and for antennas to work at optical frequencies fabrication accuracies down to 10nm are required. With the advent of nanoscience and technology this length scale becomes increasingly accessible. This project focuses on the study of noble metal optical antenna structures which will be developed by both top-down nanofabrication techniques and bottom-up synthesis. Fundamental properties of these structures will be investigated using single molecule spectroscopy and near-field scanning optical microscopy. These studies will define critical design criteria, and provide an elementary understanding of antenna-coupled absorption and emission processes. Broader Impacts: Optical antenna arrays are likely to be used for artificially enhancing the absorption cross-section or quantum yield of optoelectronic devices (e.g. solar cells). They will also find application for efficiently releasing energy from nanoscale devices (e.g. LED lighting) and for boosting the efficiency of biochemical detectors relying on a distinct spectroscopic response (Raman scattering, fluorescence, etc. ). This project will offer students and junior researchers the opportunity to participate in a collaborative research and education program established between the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and the Institute of Optics at the University of Rochester. The resources of this project will also be used to implement new topics in an ongoing 'open house' program aimed at fostering scientific curiosity in elementary school children.

智能优点：天线广泛应用于无线电波和微波设备(如手机、电视、卫星通信等)。以释放和捕获电磁能量。然而，光学模拟在当今的技术中基本上是不存在的。取而代之的是，光学辐射是通过用透镜和镜子重定向波前来操纵的。因此，由于绕射，光场不能局部化到比光学波长小得多的尺寸。天线的特征尺寸在波长的数量级上，对于工作在光学频率上的天线来说，制造精度要求低至10纳米。随着纳米科学和技术的出现，这种长度的尺度变得越来越容易获得。本项目致力于贵金属光学天线结构的研究，它将采用自上而下的纳米制造技术和自下而上的合成技术相结合的方法。这些结构的基本性质将使用单分子光谱和近场扫描光学显微镜进行研究。这些研究将确定关键的设计标准，并提供对天线耦合吸收和发射过程的初步了解。更广泛的影响：光学天线阵列可能被用来人为地提高光电子器件(如太阳能电池)的吸收截面或量子产额。它们还将被应用于有效地从纳米设备(例如LED照明)中释放能量，以及依靠独特的光谱响应(拉曼散射、荧光等)来提高生化探测器的效率。该项目将为学生和初级研究人员提供参与由国家标准与技术研究所(NIST)和罗切斯特大学光学研究所建立的合作研究和教育计划的机会。该项目的资源还将用于在正在进行的旨在培养小学生科学好奇心的开放参观计划中实施新的主题。