Dynamics in Complex Molecular Condensed Matter Systems-Renewal

复杂分子凝聚态系统动力学-更新

• 批准号: 0652232
• 负责人: Michael Fayer
• 金额: $ 87.5万
• 依托单位: Stanford University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-05-15 至 2012-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0652232&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Dynamics; Complex; Molecular; Condensed; Matter

This program involves an interrelated set of experimental and theoretical investigations of dynamics in complex condensed matter molecular systems, particularly complex liquids. Complex liquids have significant nanoscopic or molecular level structures that arise from anisotropic intermolecular interactions and exhibit complex structural dynamics. The experimental methods are a variety of ultrafast non-linear techniques, particularly ultrafast infrared and visible light experiments. The types of systems that will be investigated are supercooled liquids, liquid crystals, and water in nanoscopic environments. Nanoscopic water plays important roles in chemistry, biology, and material science. Examples are water in reverse micelles and very small quantities of water in organic and ionic liquids. Nanoscopic water has dynamics that are distinct from bulk water. In addition to the scientific investigations, this project will host high school science teachers in the laboratory over summers. The P.I. has obtained a grant from the Dreyfus Foundation to support high school teachers at Stanford. The P.I. is involved in the wide dissemination of teaching materials at both the graduate and under graduate levels and is currently writing a book to explain quantum theory to laymen.%%%Molecules can form complex structures, which have properties that depend on the time evolution of the molecular positions. Even water, the most important liquid, behaves the way it does because of the making and breaking of the connections between water molecules (hydrogen bonds) on ultrafast time scales. When water is confined on nanoscopic dimensions, as occur frequently in chemistry, materials science, and biology, its properties change. Ultrafast infrared and visible light experiments as well as theory are being used to directly examine the relationships between structure, dynamics, and material properties of systems like nanoscopic water, supercooled liquids, and liquid crystals. The program also involves the development of advance optical techniques for the investigation of molecular matter. In addition to the scientific investigations, this project will host high school science teachers in the laboratory over summers. The P.I. has obtained a grant from the Dreyfus Foundation to support high school teachers at Stanford. The P.I. is involved in the wide dissemination of teaching materials at both the graduate and under graduate levels and is currently writing a book to explain quantum theory to laymen.

本课程涉及复杂凝聚态分子系统，特别是复杂液体中动力学的一套相互关联的实验和理论研究。复杂的液体具有重要的纳米或分子级结构，这些结构源于各向异性的分子间相互作用，并显示出复杂的结构动力学。实验方法有多种超快非线性技术，特别是超快红外和可见光实验。将要研究的系统类型包括纳米环境中的过冷液体、液晶和水。纳米水在化学、生物和材料科学中发挥着重要的作用。例如反胶束中的水和有机和离子液体中的极少量水。纳米水具有与散装水不同的动力学特性。除了科学调查，这个项目还将在实验室里接待高中科学教师度过暑假。P.I.已经从德雷福斯基金会获得了一笔拨款，用于支持斯坦福大学的高中教师。P.I.参与了研究生和研究生阶段教材的广泛传播，目前正在写一本书，向外行解释量子理论。%的分子可以形成复杂的结构，其性质取决于分子位置的时间演变。即使是水，最重要的液体，它的行为方式也是因为水分子之间的连接(氢键)在超快时间尺度上的建立和断开。当水被限制在纳米尺度上时，就像化学、材料科学和生物学中经常发生的那样，它的性质就会改变。超快红外和可见光实验以及理论正被用来直接研究纳米水、过冷液体和液晶等系统的结构、动力学和材料性质之间的关系。该计划还包括为研究分子物质开发先进的光学技术。除了科学调查，这个项目还将在实验室里接待高中科学教师度过暑假。P.I.已经从德雷福斯基金会获得了一笔拨款，用于支持斯坦福大学的高中教师。P.I.参与了研究生和研究生阶段教材的广泛传播，目前正在写一本书，向外行解释量子理论。