Models and Applications of Loop Quantum Gravity

对称解和相关模型给出了从经典引力或量子引力中提取物理信息的一些主要方法。几种构建代表性模型的技术已经被开发出来，用于构建当前量子引力理论的候选之一--圈圈量子重力。对于从来不是完全对称的现实情况，将开发出更一般的公式，其中至少包含一般领域的小值，如不均匀。例如，这对于宇宙学观测中的预测或理解黑洞的性质是必不可少的。将对所得到的方程进行分析，以便对总体框架和可能的可观察到的效应进行一致性测试。由于引力的量子理论仍在发展中，任何关于可能候选者行为的信息，特别是在物理场景中的信息，都将有助于指导理论构建。反过来，人们普遍认为量子引力对于从根本上理解宇宙是必不可少的。这尤其适用于宇宙学和黑洞这两个主要的应用领域，这两个领域受到公众的广泛兴趣。这里开发的模型允许开发直观的解释，从而使如此广泛的传播成为可能。在简化复杂的完整理论的过程中，合适的模型也为新进入该领域的学生或研究人员提供了理想的切入点。

Symmetric solutions and related models present some of the main methods to extract physical information from classical or quantum gravity. Several techniques to construct representative models have been developed for one of the current candidates for a quantum theory of gravity, loop quantum gravity. For realistic situations, which are never exactly symmetric, more general formulations containing at least small values of general fields such as inhomogeneities will be developed. This is essential for, e.g., predictions in cosmological observations or to understand properties of black holes. An analysis of the resulting equations will be carried out in order to arrive at consistency tests of the general framework as well as possible observable effects.Since quantum theories of gravity are still being developed, any information on the behavior of possible candidates, in particular in physical scenarios, will help to lead the theoretical construction. Quantum gravity, in turn, is widely believed to be essential for the understanding of the universe at a fundamental level. This applies in particular to the two main areas of applications, cosmology and black holes, which receive wide interest in the general public. Models as developed here allow the development of intuitive explanations which make such a broad dissemination possible. In simplifying the complex full theories, suitable models also provide ideal entry points for students or researchers new to the field.