LHC Theory Initiative

最近，关于大型对撞机实验的过程，范式发生了变化。 直到最近，实验已经在美国的设施，如费米实验室，SLAC和康奈尔大学CESR。 这些大型实验室通常有内部的理论物理小组，可以帮助计划和分析实验。 然而，明年，欧洲核子研究中心的大型强子对撞机（LHC）将开始运行，使美国所有现有的对撞机实验室过时。在这个设施中，两个大型实验ATLAS和CMS将由DOE和NSF支持约30%，并将由以前在Fermilab，SLAC和CESR等美国设施工作的人员大量参与。为了充分利用大型强子对撞机的发现能力，需要开发许多计算和计算工具，以便与强、电磁和弱相互作用的标准模型相关的理论不确定性小于实验不确定性。实验学家在分析数据时使用的事件发生器需要被概括或完全重写，以便来自解释超越标准模型物理学的候选理论的签名可以被理解并与数据进行比较。最后，非标准模型的想法，包括超对称性，额外的维度，大统一理论，膜世界情景，和字符串启发有效理论将需要系统化和分析，使他们的预测可以很容易地与新的数据进行比较从大型强子对撞机，包括实验削减，大型强子对撞机是一个必不可少的发现工具，用于发现超越标准模型的新现象，这些新现象已经被发现的现象所暗示。暗物质，暗能量和中微子的小质量。美国在那些对解释和充分利用大型强子对撞机设施至关重要的物理学领域的努力需要振兴。 美国的努力将必须以大学为基础，是培养学生和下一代现象学家的绝佳竞技场。 LHC计划的目的是有一个指导过程，让美国研究生和博士后参与与即将到来的实验的解释和分析相关的计算。 该倡议要求为研究生提供为期一年的奖学金，为博士后提供为期两年的奖学金，以便在LHC相关理论项目导师的指导下工作。 学生、博士后和导师将通过电话会议形成一个交流网络。将与实验人员举行两次年度会议，讨论正在进行的数据收集过程及其解释。 希望年轻的理论家和实验界之间的协同作用将为高能物理领域的最佳发现潜力提供一个新的范例。也希望这一举措将使美国再次在高能现象学中发挥领导作用。该网络将为全国性的合作理论网络提供骨干，使来自孤立团体和较小机构的物理学家能够参与并专注于与LHC直接相关的项目。

Recently there has been a change in paradigm as to the course of Large Scale Collider Experiments. Until recently, experiments have been done at US facilities such as Fermilab, SLAC, and Cornell CESR. These large labs often had in-house theoretical physics groups that could aid in the planning and analysis of the experiments. However next year, the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN will start operation, making obsolete all current US Collider laboratories. At this facility two large experiments, ATLAS and CMS will be supported approximately 30% by DOE and NSF and will have large participation by people previously working at the US facilities such as Fermilab, SLAC, and CESR. In order for the discovery capabilities of the LHC to be fully utilized many calculations and calculational tools need to be developed so that the theoretical uncertainties related to the standard model of strong, electromagnetic and weak interactions become less than the experimental uncertainties. Event generators used by experimentalists in analyzing data need to be generalized or totally rewritten so that signatures coming from candidate theories for explaining Beyond the Standard Model Physics can be understood and to compared with data. Finally, Non-standard Model ideas that include Supersymmetry, Extra Dimensions, Grand Unified Theories, Brane-world Scenarios, and String inspired Effective theories will need to be systematized and analyzed so that their predictions can be easily compared with the new data from the LHC including experimental cuts, backgrounds etc. The LHC is an essential discovery tool for finding new phenomena which go beyond the Standard Model and which already have been hinted at by the discovery of dark matter, dark energy and small masses for the neutrinos. The US effort in those areas of physics crucial to interpreting and making best use of the LHC facility needs revitalization. The US effort will have to be University based and is an excellent arena for training students and the next generation of Phenomenoligists. The purpose of the LHC initiative is to have a mentoring process for involving US graduate students and Post-Docs to get involved with calculations relevant for the interpretation and analysis of upcoming experiments. The initiative calls for one-year fellowships for graduate students and two-year fellowships for Post-docs to work under the guidance of a mentor on LHC related theory projects. The students, Post-Docs and Mentors will form a network with communication by teleconferencing. There will be two annual meetings with experimentalists to discuss the ongoing data collection process and its interpretation. It is hoped that the synergy between the young theorists and the experimental community will present a new paradigm for optimal discovery potential in the field of High Energy Physics. It is also hoped that this initiative will allow the US to again take a leadership role in High Energy Phenomenology. The network formed will provide a backbone for a nationwide collaborative theory network making it possible for physicists from isolated groups and smaller institutions to participate and focus their efforts on projects that are directly relevant to the LHC.