Dissertation Research: Experiments on multiple factors affecting Pinaceae invasions on Isla Victoria, Nahuel Huapi National Park, Argentina.

论文研究：影响阿根廷纳韦尔瓦皮国家公园维多利亚岛松科入侵的多种因素的实验。

• 批准号: 0709644
• 负责人: Daniel Simberloff
• 金额: $ 0.76万
• 依托单位: University of Tennessee Knoxville
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-07-01 至 2008-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0709644&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Dissertation; Research; Experiments; multiple; factors

Biological invasions are a major threat to biodiversity and create many social and economic problems. This research will study what controls plant invasions on an Argentinean island where a century ago 135+ exotic tree species were planted in large numbers. Among them were many species famous as invaders. Surprisingly few of these species have invaded native forest on this island. Preliminary observations and experiments suggest three likely, non-exclusive hypotheses for this dearth of invasion: absence of suitable mutualistic root-fungi, herbivory by exotic deer, and consumption of seeds by rodents. This project entails experiments and laboratory analyses to test these hypotheses. This research will use seeds planted in different locations with and without addition of mutualistic root-fungi, rodent exclosures, and preference experiments for both deer and rodents to see which factors explain the observed lack of invasion. The 21st century is expected to bring one of the biggest losses of biodiversity this planet has ever seen. Invasive species, mostly assisted by humans, are one of the greatest threats to biodiversity and also produce huge economic losses. Therefore, to conserve biodiversity and manage exotic species effectively, it is crucial to understand the mechanisms regulating invasion; this is the goal of this study. In addition, this research will test various ecological hypotheses, which will contribute to the progress of ecological sciences, since introduction of a species constitutes a large-scale natural experiment.

生物入侵是对生物多样性的主要威胁，并造成许多社会和经济问题。这项研究将研究是什么控制了阿根廷一个岛屿上的植物入侵，一个世纪前，这个岛屿上大量种植了135多种外来树种。其中有许多物种是著名的入侵者。令人惊讶的是，这些物种中几乎没有入侵过这个岛上的原生森林。初步的观察和实验提出了三种可能的、非排他的假设：缺乏合适的共生根真菌，外来鹿食草，啮齿动物食用种子。这个项目需要实验和实验室分析来检验这些假设。这项研究将使用在不同地点种植的种子，有或没有添加互惠根真菌，啮齿动物的暴露，以及鹿和啮齿动物的偏好实验，以了解哪些因素解释了观察到的缺乏入侵。预计21世纪将是地球有史以来生物多样性损失最严重的世纪之一。入侵物种是对生物多样性的最大威胁之一，它们大多是在人类的协助下入侵的，也会造成巨大的经济损失。因此，了解外来物种入侵调控机制对保护生物多样性和有效管理外来物种至关重要；这就是本研究的目的。此外，这项研究将检验各种生态假设，这将有助于生态科学的进步，因为物种的引入是一个大规模的自然实验。