Influence of Eye Movements on Visual Input Statistics and Early Neural Representations

眼动对视觉输入统计和早期神经表征的影响

• 批准号: 0719849
• 负责人: Michele Rucci
• 金额: $ 32.5万
• 依托单位: Trustees of Boston University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-09-01 至 2011-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0719849&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Influence; Eye; Movements; Visual; Input

The brain is remarkable in its ability to perceive a stable visual world even though the patterns on the retinas change continually as the eyes are always in motion. Voluntary redirections of gaze occur several times per second from one scene location to the next. Even in the intervals between these redirections, when it seems that gaze is fixed at a single location, microscopic eye movements, known as fixational eye movements, continually jitter the stimulus with respect to the retina. Little is known about how the normal alternation of macroscopic and microscopic eye movements affects the retinal stimulus, and about the importance of this dynamic input for the visual system. With support from the National Science Foundation, Dr. Michele Rucci will examine the influence of eye movements on the acquisition and encoding of visual information. Experiments with human observers will analyze and compare the characteristics of visual input signals to the retina during a number of everyday viewing activities. Computer models of neuronal populations in the early stages of the visual system will be used to investigate the hypothesis that a continually changing retinal stimulus contributes to the establishment of efficient visual representations. This project addresses fundamental questions in visual neuroscience. Pathological conditions which give rise to abnormal eye movements are typically accompanied by visual impairments. Understanding the impact of eye movements on early visual processing is critical to the advancement of knowledge of how the visual system functions in health and disease.

大脑在感知稳定视觉世界的能力方面是非凡的，即使视网膜上的图案不断变化，因为眼睛总是在运动。 从一个场景位置到下一个场景位置，每秒会发生几次自愿的注视重定向。 即使在这些重定向之间的时间间隔内，当凝视似乎固定在一个位置时，微观眼球运动（称为注视眼球运动）也会使刺激相对于视网膜不断抖动。 关于宏观和微观眼球运动的正常交替如何影响视网膜刺激，以及这种动态输入对视觉系统的重要性，人们知之甚少。在美国国家科学基金会的支持下，Michele Rucci博士将研究眼动对视觉信息获取和编码的影响。 人类观察者的实验将分析和比较在许多日常观看活动期间视网膜的视觉输入信号的特性。 在视觉系统的早期阶段的神经元群体的计算机模型将被用来调查的假设，不断变化的视网膜刺激有助于建立有效的视觉表示。 这个项目解决视觉神经科学的基本问题。 引起异常眼球运动的病理状况通常伴有视觉障碍。 了解眼球运动对早期视觉处理的影响，对于了解视觉系统在健康和疾病中的功能至关重要。