Understanding the distribution of Alocasia: Historical biogeography and climate niche separation in sister species pairs

了解海芋的分布：姐妹物种对的历史生物地理学和气候生态位分离

• 批准号: 182930347
• 负责人: Professorin Dr. Susanne Sabine Renner
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Department of Biology
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2009-12-31 至 2013-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/182930347?language=en
• 关键词: Understanding; distribution; Alocasia; Historical; biogeography

Alocasia (Araceae) comprises 87 species distributed from Sri Lanka to subtropical Australia. Most species are lowland forest understorey herbs, although a few grow on exposed sites or at elevations above 1000 m. Alocasia is most diverse on Borneo (c. 40 species), the Philippines (c. 18), and New Guinea (c. 12). Based on fossils, the larger clade to which Alocasia belongs originated in Eocene Laurasia, and a new molecular tree and molecular-dating (using data reported in this proposal) set up the hypothesis that Alocasia entered the Malesian region from the North and diversified mainly from the Miocene onwards, when warm-moist climates led to an expansion of rain forests. We will test this hypothesis with complete species sampling. For a subset of species, we will carry out climate niche modeling using MaxEnt based on present/absent data from field work in Sarawak and presence-only data from herbarium surveys in Indonesia and Malaysia (a pilot analysis has been done). Niche preferences of species pairs will be placed in the context of the dated larger phylogeny so that direction and timing of change can be inferred. This will permit assessing the relative roles of changing or conserved climate preferences in the diversification of Alocasia. We are seeking support for molecular data generation, fieldwork, and herbarium visits in Southeast Asia, which are essential for completing range data and for the description of new species.

海芋（天南星科）共有 87 种，分布于从斯里兰卡到澳大利亚亚热带地区。大多数物种是低地森林林下草本植物，但也有少数生长在裸露地点或海拔 1000 米以上。海芋在婆罗洲（约 40 种）、菲律宾（约 18 种）和新几内亚（约 12 种）最为多样化。根据化石，海芋所属的较大分支起源于始新世劳亚大陆，而新的分子树和分子测年（使用本提案中报告的数据）提出了这样的假设：海芋从北部进入马里西亚地区，并主要从中新世开始多样化，当时温暖潮湿的气候导致雨林扩张。我们将通过完整的物种抽样来检验这一假设。对于物种子集，我们将根据砂拉越实地工作的现有/不存在数据以及印度尼西亚和马来西亚植物标本馆调查的仅存在数据（已完成试点分析），使用 MaxEnt 进行气候生态位建模。物种对的生态位偏好将被置于已确定日期的更大系统发育的背景下，以便可以推断变化的方向和时间。这将有助于评估气候偏好变化或保守在海芋多样化中的相对作用。我们正在寻求对东南亚分子数据生成、实地考察和植物标本室参观的支持，这对于完成范围数据和描述新物种至关重要。