Institutions and Behavior: Experimental Evidence on the Effects of Democracy

制度与​​行为:民主影响的实验证据

基本信息

  • 批准号:
    0720753
  • 负责人:
  • 金额:
    $ 14.42万
  • 依托单位:
  • 依托单位国家:
    美国
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
  • 财政年份:
    2007
  • 资助国家:
    美国
  • 起止时间:
    2007-09-01 至 2011-08-31
  • 项目状态:
    已结题

项目摘要

This project examines the total impact of democracy on behavior and argues that the total impact may consist of two effects: an instrumental effect and a direct effect. The instrumental effect refers to the fact that democracy may lead societies to choose different policies. The direct effect refers to the fact that the response of people to a given policy may depend upon whether or not it was chosen democratically. The idea that democracy may have a direct effect on behavior can be traced back to Tocqueville's Democracy in America. This project uses the methods of experimental economics to gain some insight into the relative importance of these two effects.The difficulty of measuring the direct effect of democracy lies in the fact that democratic societies differ from undemocratic ones in many and complex ways. This makes it inadvisable to simply compare democratic and undemocratic societies. It is possible, however, to examine whether experimental subjects respond to policies that are democratically selected in a different way than they do to the same policies imposed undemocratically. It is also possible to test for alternative mechanisms that may underlie any observed direct effects of democracy.The research proposed here is expected to have two different types of broader impact. First, evidence on whether and how democratic institutions affect the types of policies adopted and the responses to these policies can aid in the design of efficient institutions. Second, the results may cast doubt on the validity of the policy recommendations derived from some empirical studies. Much applied work in social sciences seeks to identify the treatment effect of policies, institutions, or products. Since people usually choose their policies, institutions, and purchases, it is usually necessary to account for difference between groups to measure the "true" treatment effect. Based on such estimates, policy recommendations may be made that involve assigning the treatment without choice. If the treatment effect differs based on whether it is chosen or imposed such policy recommendations may be unwarranted.
该项目考察了民主对行为的总体影响,并认为总体影响可能包括两种影响:工具效应和直接效应。工具效应是指民主可能导致社会选择不同的政策。直接效应指的是人们对一项政策的反应可能取决于该政策是否是民主选择的。民主可能对行为有直接影响的观点可以追溯到托克维尔的《美国的民主》。本项目使用实验经济学的方法来深入了解这两种效应的相对重要性。衡量民主的直接影响的困难在于民主社会与非民主社会在许多复杂的方面不同。因此,简单地比较民主社会和不民主社会是不可取的。然而,有可能检验实验对象对民主选择的政策的反应是否与对非民主强加的相同政策的反应不同。也有可能测试可能构成任何观察到的民主直接影响的其他机制。这里提出的研究预计将产生两种不同类型的更广泛的影响。首先,关于民主制度是否以及如何影响所采取的政策类型以及对这些政策的反应的证据可以帮助设计有效的制度。其次,研究结果可能会让人对一些实证研究得出的政策建议的有效性产生怀疑。社会科学中的许多应用工作都试图确定政策、制度或产品的治疗效果。由于人们通常选择他们的政策、制度和购买,因此通常有必要考虑群体之间的差异,以衡量“真正的”治疗效果。根据这种估计,可能会提出政策建议,其中包括不加选择地分配治疗。如果治疗效果因选择或实施而不同,这些政策建议可能是没有根据的。

项目成果

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Pedro Dal Bo其他文献

Like Mother Like Son ? Experimental Evidence on the Transmission of Values from Parents to Children 1 April 2007
有其母必有其子?
  • DOI:
  • 发表时间:
    2007
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    0
  • 作者:
    Marco Cipriani;Paola Giuliano;Olivier Jeanne Imf;Alberto Bisin;Pedro Dal Bo;A. Guarino;Steffen Huck;D. Laibson;Thomas Palfrey;David Ribar;Alvin Roth;Thierry Verdier
  • 通讯作者:
    Thierry Verdier

Pedro Dal Bo的其他文献

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{{ truncateString('Pedro Dal Bo', 18)}}的其他基金

Doctoral Dissertation Research in Economics: Are moderate laws more effective than extreme ones in changing unfair customs?
经济学博士论文研究:温和的法律比极端的法律更能改变不公平的习俗吗?
  • 批准号:
    1658853
  • 财政年份:
    2017
  • 资助金额:
    $ 14.42万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant

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