Doctoral Dissertation Improvement Grant: Social Capital in the Transition from Patron-Client to Social Movement Networks in Brazilian Amazonia

研究生梅森C。马修斯在玛丽安·施明克博士的指导下，将研究个人社交网络如何为集体项目贡献社会资本。这项研究将在巴西一个孤立的亚马逊开采保护区进行。巴西政府已将大约5，080，830公顷的森林和其他景观指定为联邦保护区，用于可再生自然资源的自我维持开发和保护。 早期的研究表明，开采保护区的建立通常伴随着巨大的社会变化，因为以前孤立的个人和社区加入了当地的社会运动，与国家和国际组织建立了联盟，并通过土地改革进程推翻了长期的庇护-委托关系。 社会网络分析将使量化这些不断变化的关系成为可能，也将提供一种新的方法来衡量采掘储备居民获得市场，贷款和其他类型的资本。 研究者将以联合收割机为中心的网络数据与民族志数据相结合，调查在最近的变化背景下，政府机构、地方组织和保留地居民之间的关系。 他将在涉及不同采掘业（橡胶，坚果油和农业）的三个储备社区和位于采掘储备之外的控制社区进行研究。 数据收集将包括对每个社区的分层抽样家庭进行密集的人种学访谈，然后从抽样家庭的男女户主那里收集社会网络数据。这项研究很重要，因为它将测试一种创新的方法，用于分析经济和社会变革背景下个人和群体之间的关系，以及自然资源的控制使用。此外，更好地了解保护区居民的社交网络可能会提高保护区项目的成功率，并为政策制定者提供有用的信息。本研究也将有助于研究生的教育。

Graduate student Mason C. Mathews, under the guidance of Dr. Marianne Schmink, will study how personal social networks contribute to social capital for collective projects. The research will be carried out in an isolated Amazonian extractive reserve in Brazil. The Brazilian government has designated approximately 5,080,830 hectares of forests and other landscapes as federal reserves for self-sustaining exploitation and conservation of renewable natural resources. Earlier research has demonstrated that dramatic social change typically accompanies the creation of extractive reserves because formerly isolated individuals and communities bond into local social movements, build alliances with national and international organizations, and overturn longstanding patron-client relations through land reform processes. Social network analysis will make it possible to quantify these changing relations and also will provide a new approach to measuring the access that extractive reserve residents have to markets, loans, and other types of capital. The researcher will build on combine ego-centered network data with ethnographic data to investigate relations between government institutions, local organizations, and reserve residents in the context of recent changes. He will conduct the research in three reserve communities involved in different extractive industries (rubber, nut oil, and agriculture) and a control community located outside of the extractive reserve. Data collection will include intensive ethnographic interviews in a stratified sample of households from each community and then collect social network data from male and female household heads of the sample households. The research is important because it will test an innovative methodology for analyzing the relations between individuals and groups in the context of economic and social change, and the controlled use of natural resources. In addition, a better understanding of the social networks of reserve residents may improve the success rate of reserve projects and provide useful information for policy makers. The research also will contribute to the education of a graduate student.