DDIG: Privatizing the Commons? Mexico's Forestry Ejidos 15 Years After Agrarian Counter Reform

DDIG：公地私有化？

• 批准号: 0822945
• 负责人: Marianne Schmink
• 金额: $ 0.18万
• 依托单位: University of Florida
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-09-01 至 2009-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0822945&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: DDIG; Privatizing; Commons; Mexico; Forestry

Graduate student Maria L. DiGiano, under the guidance of Dr. Marianne Schmink, will undertake research on the relationship between land tenure change and deforestation. The goal is to examine closely the multi-scalar relationships between national policy change, local institutional responses, individual attitudes towards privatization and forest resources, and impacts on the physical landscape. The impact of changing property regimes on natural resource management warrants attention as governments devolve authority of natural resource management to local communities and as policy makers and donor agencies support the privatization of common property. These land tenure changes could potentially threaten forest conservation because an estimated 25 percent of the world's forest resources currently belong to or are managed on a communal basis. The researcher will conduct her research in Mexico, where 80 percent of forest resources are held collectively. In 1992, legal changes in Mexico's 1910 common property laws permitted privatization of common lands (ejidos) for the first time in over half a century. The study will employ land cover change analyses, statistical analyses, and ethnography to link broad-scale changes in land tenure regimes and forest cover with fine-scale variations in attitudes and perceptions regarding rights and resources. The research objectives are to examine: 1) the range of land tenure outcomes following the 1992 reforms; 2) the drivers of land tenure change; 3) the correlation between land tenure change and changes in forest cover; and 4) attitudes and perceptions of property rights and forest resources among residents of 56 ejidos in southeastern Mexico. The research will help to develop social science theory that is able to connect relationships between humans and the natural environment across multiple scales. By examining in ethnographic detail the effects on ownership systems and forests of Mexico's 1992 agrarian counter-reform, this study also will help elucidate the consequences of devolution of natural resource management worldwide. The research also supports the education of a graduate student.

研究生玛丽亚L. DiGiano在Marianne Schmink博士的指导下，将研究土地保有权变化与森林砍伐之间的关系。目标是密切审查国家政策变化、地方机构反应、个人对私有化和森林资源的态度以及对自然景观的影响之间的多尺度关系。随着政府将自然资源管理权下放给当地社区，以及决策者和捐助机构支持公共财产私有化，财产制度的变化对自然资源管理的影响值得关注。这些土地保有权的变化可能会威胁到森林保护，因为据估计，目前世界上25%的森林资源属于社区或在社区基础上管理。研究人员将在墨西哥进行研究，那里80%的森林资源由集体拥有。1992年，墨西哥1910年共同财产法的法律的变化允许共同土地私有化，这是半个多世纪以来的第一次。 这项研究将利用土地覆盖变化分析、统计分析和人种学，将土地保有制度和森林覆盖的大规模变化与对权利和资源的态度和看法的小规模变化联系起来。研究的目标是检查：1）1992年改革后的土地保有权成果的范围; 2）土地保有权变化的驱动因素; 3）土地保有权变化和森林覆盖变化之间的相关性;以及4）墨西哥东南部56个Ejidos居民对产权和森林资源的态度和看法。这项研究将有助于发展社会科学理论，能够在多个尺度上连接人类与自然环境之间的关系。通过研究在人种学的详细的所有权制度和墨西哥1992年的反土地改革的森林的影响，这项研究也将有助于阐明世界范围内的自然资源管理下放的后果。这项研究还支持研究生的教育。