NEESR-GC: Simulation of the Seismic Performance of Nonstructural Systems

该奖项是美国国家科学基金会07-506项目招标“小乔治·e·布朗地震工程模拟网络（NEES）研究”竞赛的结果。该项目由内华达大学里诺分校领导，包括地震工程研究大学联盟、康奈尔大学、佐治亚理工学院、北卡罗莱纳州农业和技术州立大学、北卡罗莱纳州立大学、卢瑟福和切克内大学、纽约州立大学布法罗分校和加州大学圣地亚哥分校的子奖项。非结构系统占美国建筑物在地震中损失的75%，占全国每年估计地震损失总额的78%以上。一种应用非常广泛的非结构体系是顶棚-管道-隔断体系。吊顶-管道-隔断系统由多个部件和子系统组成，由于其与主体结构有多个附着点，具有复杂的三维几何形状和复杂的边界条件，并在各个方向上大面积分布。它们的地震反应，它们与它们悬挂或附着的结构体系的相互作用，以及它们的破坏机制都没有得到很好的理解。此外，由于缺乏系统级实验研究和建模能力，它们的损伤级别和脆弱性定义不清。由于缺乏数值模拟工具，无法对其地震行为进行可靠的分析和预测。此外，在结构系统中很容易使用的现代保护技术从未应用于这些系统。该项目整合了多学科系统级研究，将首次开发模拟能力和实施过程，以提高天花板-管道隔断非结构系统的抗震性能。实验项目将使用内华达大学里诺分校和纽约州立大学布法罗分校的NEES设备站点进行子系统和系统级的全面实验。与日本研究人员协调，计划使用位于日本兵库县Miki的日本E-Defense振动台设施进行有效载荷项目。与实验工作相结合的是一个数值模拟程序，该程序将开发实验验证的分析模型，建立系统和子系统脆弱性功能，并开发可视化工具，为工程教育者和实践者提供基于草图的建模能力。公共政策调查旨在支持研究成果的实施，包括使用具有代表性的指数建筑和城市规划工具来估计新的保护装置和设计概念在单个建筑和大都市区尺度上的成本效益。研究结果将解决实施障碍，并为修订建筑规范和标准及相关指导方针提供公共政策依据。该项目通过一个由代表天花板-管道-隔断非结构系统各个方面的专家组成的实践委员会与行业密切合作。该项目包括一个科学博物馆与K-12学生和公众的界面；面向少数族裔和女性学生的暑期工程夏令营；为社区大学的学生提供实践经验；面向工程师、建筑师和行业从业者的拓展项目；并计划修订建筑规范、标准和基于性能的地震工程指南。该项目的数据将通过NEES数据存储库（http://www.nees.org）提供。

This award is an outcome of the National Science Foundation 07-506 program solicitation "George E. Brown, Jr. Network for Earthquake Engineering Simulation (NEES) Research" competition. This project is led by the University of Nevada, Reno, and includes subawards to the Consortium of Universities for Research in Earthquake Engineering, Cornell University, Georgia Institute of Technology, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, North Carolina State University, Rutherford and Chekene, State University of New York at Buffalo, and University of California-San Diego. Nonstructural systems represent 75 percent of the loss exposure of U.S. buildings to earthquakes, and account for over 78 percent of the total estimated national annualized earthquake loss. A very widely used nonstructural system is the ceiling-piping-partition system. Ceiling-piping-partition systems consist of several components and subsystems, have complex three-dimensional geometries and complicated boundary conditions because of their multiple attachment points to the main structure, and are spread over large areas in all directions. Their seismic response, their interaction with the structural system they are suspended from or attached to, and their failure mechanisms are not well understood. Moreover, their damage levels and fragilities are poorly defined due to the lack of system-level experimental studies and modeling capability. Their seismic behavior cannot be dependably analyzed and predicted due to a lack of numerical simulation tools. In addition, modern protective technologies, which are readily used in structural systems, have never been applied to these systems. This project integrates multidisciplinary system-level studies that will develop, for the first time, a simulation capability and implementation process for enhancing the seismic performance of the ceiling-piping-partition nonstructural system. The experimental program will use the NEES equipment sites at the University of Nevada, Reno and State University of New York at Buffalo to conduct subsystem and system-level full-scale experiments. A payload project using the Japanese E-Defense shake table facility in Miki, Hyogo, Japan, is planned in coordination with Japanese researchers. Integrated with the experimental effort will be a numerical simulation program that will develop experimentally verified analytical models, establish system and subsystem fragility functions, and develop visualization tools that will provide engineering educators and practitioners with sketch-based modeling capabilities. Public policy investigations are designed to support the implementation of the research results, including the use of representative index buildings and urban planning tools to estimate the cost benefits of the new protective devices and design concepts at both the individual building and the metropolitan area scales.The results will address implementation barriers and provide public policy rationales for amendments to building codes and standards and related guidelines. The project collaborates closely with industry through a Practice Committee consisting of experts representing all aspects of the ceiling-piping-partition nonstructural systems. This project includes a science museum interface with K-12 students and the general public; summer engineering camps for minority and female students; hands on experience to students of a community college; outreach programs to engineers, architects and industry practitioners; and plans for revisions to building codes, standards, and performance-based earthquake engineering guidelines. Data from this project will be made available through the NEES data repository (http://www.nees.org).