SoD: Supporting Cased-Based Design for Packaged Software Implementations

该项目的重点是基于案例的设计（CBD）。CBD解决了被识别为打包软件的软件类缺乏有组织的设计理论的问题。CBD重用现有的设计知识来创建新的设计知识，从而依赖于知识创建的连续循环。CBD的利润从这个项目通过创建一个基于案例的设计的理论框架，作为一个组织的知识创造过程，以及从一个创新的工具，以支持CBD在打包的软件实现。该工具允许用户协作创建，编辑和分类设计案例。用户能够探索复杂的设计空间沿着多个用户进化的方面。该工具通过利用用户分类和推荐工作，系统地推荐在新情况下重用的现有设计。我们的基本信念是，通过利用一大群人的集体力量，可以以更低的成本和更低的风险实现更好的设计。该项目的动机是信息系统越来越多地使用大型软件包，如ERP（企业资源规划）软件所带来的问题。特别成问题的是大的系统实施复杂性和持续的维护。这些软件系统很少被打包使用。相反，它们是定制的，重新设计的，增强的，扩展的，并集成到其他现有的和不断发展的系统。打包软件实现中的设计（PSI）是通过定制和集成现成的软件包来解决业务问题的过程。PSI中的设计侧重于附加软件组件或对开箱即用软件包的修改。有效和高效的设计可以带来可观的回报和较低的实施成本，并可能最终导致更广泛地采用套装软件。这不仅有利于软件供应商，也有利于社会，因为它减少了重新发明轮子的定制软件开发工作。然而，一直缺乏通用的设计方法和CASE（计算机辅助软件工程）工具的PSI。PSI的设计在很大程度上依赖于以前的设计经验。事实上，PSI专家在面对新的问题情况时经常实践基于案例的设计（CBD）。他们探索过去的设计案例，找到一个类似的案例，并在新的问题情况下重用该案例的设计。由于在许多实现中部署了相同的软件包，CBD可以显着提高设计质量，降低成本和风险。然而，CBD只能和设计案例的知识库一样好。利用CBD的挑战之一是缺乏支持增长设计知识库的CASE工具。因此，该项目开发和评估一个开源工具，以支持基于案例的设计（CBD）在打包软件实现（PSI）。如果能有效地与大量的设计知识库结合使用，基于实例的设计可以显著地降低设计成本，降低设计风险，提高设计质量。

This project focuses on Case-Based Design (CBD). CBD addresses the lack of an organized design theory for the class of software identified as packaged software. CBD reuses existing design knowledge to create new design knowledge, thus relying on a continuous cycle of knowledge creation. CBD profits from this project through the creation of a theoretical framework of case-based design as an organizational knowledge creation process as well as from an innovative tool to support CBD in packaged software implementations. The tool allows users to collaboratively create, edit and classify design cases. Users are able to explore complex design spaces along multiple user-evolved facets. The tool systematically recommends existing designs for reuse in new situations by utilizing user classifications and recommendation efforts. The fundamental belief is that by utilizing the collective power of a large group of people, better designs can be achieved at lower costs with lower risks. The motivations for this project are the problems imposed by the increasing trend in information systems to use large software packages such as ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) software. Particularly problematical are large system implementation complexities and on-going maintenance. These software systems are rarely used as packaged. Rather, they are customized, redesigned, enhanced, expanded, and integrated into other existing and evolving systems. Design in packaged software implementation (PSI) is the process of solving business problems by customizing and integrating the off-the-shelf software package. Design in PSI focuses on the add-on software components or modifications to the out-of-box software package. Effective and efficient designs can bring substantial returns and lower implementation costs and may eventually lead to wider adoption of packaged software. This benefits not only the software vendors but also society by lowering custom software development efforts of reinventing the wheel. However, there has been a lack of common design methodologies and CASE (Computer Aided Software Engineering) tools for PSI. Designs in PSI rely heavily on previous design experience. In fact, PSI experts frequently practice case-based design (CBD) when facing a new problem situation. They explore the past design cases, find a similar case, and reuse the design for that case in the new problem situation. As the same software package is being deployed in many implementations, CBD can significantly improve the quality, reduce the cost and lower the risks of designs. However, CBD can only be as good as the knowledge base of design cases. One of the challenges to utilizing CBD is the lack of CASE tools that support growing the design knowledge base. Consequently, this project develops and evaluates an open-source tool to support case-based design (CBD) in packaged software implementations (PSI). If used effectively with a large design knowledge base, case-based design can significantly reduce the cost, lower the risks and improve the quality of designs.