Collaborative Research: Analysis of the INSTANT Observations of the Indonesian Throughflow

印度尼西亚贯穿流(ITF)是太平洋和印度洋热量和淡水收支的基本组成部分，也是气候系统的基本组成部分，但在海洋和气候模式中很少被观测和模拟。在过去，主要的流通通道被监测，但在不同的年份和不同的时间长度，使得不可能同时汇集创新及科技基金的多个走廊的图景。来自印度尼西亚、法国、荷兰、美国和澳大利亚的研究人员参与的即时计划现在已经收集了三年(2003年12月至2006年12月)的洋流、温盐分层和浅层压力计数据，这些数据来自一系列系泊设备，这些设备直接测量了从马卡萨海峡和利法马托拉航道的太平洋进水到进入印度洋的努萨·滕加拉出口航道的ITF。在这个项目中，美国研究人员将与国际团队合作，对这个全面的ITF数据集进行分析。即时现场数据和一致的卫星数据将用于实现对国际热带气旋及其变异性及其与远程、区域和当地强迫的关系的量化看法这一即时目标。利用即时数据集，我们可以对季节内、季节和年际时间尺度上的平均ITF和相关质量和性质通量的可变性提供有意义的估计，这是即时计划的所有目标。此外，即时的ITF时间序列将用于与一系列模型的输出进行比较，以评估这些模型在模拟ITF方面的技能。对即时数据的直接测量将有助于形成必要的算法，将区域现场数据和卫星数据转换成作为有效长期监测战略组成部分的ITF运输指标。情报价值：对ITF行为的定量了解对广泛的海洋和气候研究至关重要。确定的即时国际海洋研究框架数据集将允许对国际海洋科学论坛的模型模拟及其与大尺度和区域海洋和气候条件的联系进行定量评估。即时测量将作为捕捉低频ITF变化所需的长期替代监测系统的基础。广泛影响：作为即时教育和推广部分的一部分，提议举办一系列研讨会，将对来自印度尼西亚、美国和其他国际合作伙伴的学生和博士后有利。能力建设活动包括印度尼西亚/东帝汶学生访问SIO和LDEO从事即时分析工作的培训访问，以及支持LDEO的一名印度尼西亚研究生。用即时数据验证模型将有利于广泛的海洋、气候和管理需求。该项目是对美国CLIVAR(气候可变性和可预测性)计划的贡献。

OCE-0725935The Indonesian Throughflow (ITF) is a fundamental component of the heat and freshwater budgets of the Pacific and Indian Oceans, and of the climate system, yet it is poorly observed and simulated in ocean and climate models. In the past, the main throughflow passages have been monitored but over different years and for varied lengths of time, making it impossible to assemble a simultaneous picture of the multiple corridors of the ITF. The INSTANT program, involving researchers from Indonesia, France, the Netherlands, United States and Australia, has now gathered 3 years (December 2003-December 2006) of current, thermohaline stratification and shallow pressure gauge data from an array of moorings that directly measure the ITF from the intake of Pacific water at Makassar Strait and Lifamatola Passage, to the Nusa Tenggara exit channels into the Indian Ocean.In this project US researchers will pursue, in collaboration with the international team the analysis of this comprehensive ITF data set. The INSTANT in situ data along with coincident satellite data will be used to meet the INSTANT goal of developing a quantitative view of the ITF, its variability and its relationship to remote, regional and local forcing. With the INSTANT data set, we can provide meaningful estimates of the mean ITF and the variability of the associated mass and property fluxes over intra-seasonal, seasonal and inter-annual time scales, all objectives of the INSTANT program. Additionally the INSTANT ITF time series will be used for comparison to output from an array of models to evaluate the skill of these models at simulating aspects of the ITF. The direct measurements of INSTANT will help to mold and ground-truth the required algorithms necessary to convert regional in situ and satellite data into ITF transport proxies as a component of an effective long-term monitoring strategy.Intellectual Merit: Quantitative knowledge of the behavior of the ITF is of fundamental importance to a wide range of ocean and climate research. The definitive INSTANT ITF data set will allow for quantitative evaluation of model simulation of the ITF and its links with large scale and regional ocean and climate conditions. The INSTANT measurements will serve as the basis of a long-term proxy monitoring system as required to capture the low-frequency ITF variability.Broader Impacts: As part of the INSTANT educational and outreach component a series of workshops are proposed that will be of benefit to students and post-docs from Indonesia, the USA, and other international partners. Capacity building activities include training visits by Indonesian/East Timor students to SIO and LDEO to work on INSTANT analysis, and support for an Indonesian graduate student at LDEO. Validation of the models with the INSTANT data will benefit a wide range of ocean, climate, and management needs.This project is a contribution to the US CLIVAR (CLImate VARiability and predictability) Program.