RDE-FRI: The Effects of Dyslexia on Scientists' Analysis of Astrophysical Data

RDE-FRI：阅读障碍对科学家天体物理数据分析的影响

• 批准号: 0726032
• 负责人: Matthew Schneps
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Smithsonian Institution Astrophysical Observatory
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-09-01 至 2010-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0726032&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RDE; FRI; Effects; Dyslexia; Scientists

The project RDE-FRI: The Effects of Dyslexia on Scientists' Analysis of Astrophysical Data is a 17-month, $299,999 dollar award funded by the Research in Disabilities Education (RDE) program's Focused Research Initiatives (FRI) track. The primary goal of this project is to investigate the hypothesis that scientists who have dyslexia, when compared to those scientists without dyslexia, evidence context-dependent advantages and disadvantages when using and processing computer imaging displays. These predicted advantages include discerning image features that are dependent on making visual comparisons across a single figure and identifying or locating objects embedded in a distracting background, when the background is familiar. The predicted disadvantages include identifying or locating objects embedded in an unfamiliar distracting background and making visual comparisons across multiple figures. This project builds on the prior success of the PI's investigations that have been funded by the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics (HSCA) to study the characteristics of scientists with dyslexia. This team from the Smithsonian Institution Astrophysical Observatory (SIAO), which is lead by a researcher with dyslexia and who is an expert from the HSCA's science education department, is conducting a series of behavioral laboratory protocols with scientists to determine the presence or absence of dyslexia and the visual-spatial skills of the subjects. The proposal includes a quasi-experimental design to compare the performance of 22 astrophysicists with dyslexia to a matched comparison cohort of 22 astrophysicists without dyslexia; subjects are being recruited from both the HSCA and the American Astronomical Society.The project addresses a key need in the RDE community: To demonstrate the value added component of a disabling condition, that is, dyslexia, as part of the career success of researchers in science fields. There is a formative and summative project evaluation plan which is being conducted by an external evaluator, Illona Holland, from the Harvard University's Graduate School of Education. Additional formative project input is provided by a team of expert advisors who include Kurt Fischer, the Director of the Harvard University's Mind Brain and Education Program; Marc Pomplun, the Director of the University of Massachusetts-Boston's Visual Attention Laboratory; Marisa Carrasco, the Chair of New York University's Psychology Department; and Susanna Martinez-Conde, Director of the Laboratory of Visual Neuroscience at the Barrow Neurological Institute. There is also a dissemination plan which includes sharing information with the RDE community at the annual PI meeting, publishing in peer-reviewed professional journals, and presenting information to the Council of Chief State School Officers.

RDE-FRI项目：阅读障碍对科学家分析天体物理数据的影响是一个为期17个月，299，999美元的奖项，由残疾人教育研究（RDE）计划的重点研究计划（FRI）轨道资助。这个项目的主要目标是调查的假设，科学家谁有阅读障碍，当与那些没有阅读障碍的科学家相比，证据上下文相关的优势和劣势时，使用和处理计算机成像显示。这些预测的优点包括辨别图像特征，这些特征取决于在单个图形上进行视觉比较，以及在熟悉背景时识别或定位嵌入在分散注意力的背景中的对象。 预测的缺点包括识别或定位嵌入在不熟悉的分散注意力的背景中的对象，以及在多个图形中进行视觉比较。 该项目建立在PI先前成功的研究基础上，该研究由哈佛-史密森天体物理中心（HSCA）资助，以研究患有阅读障碍的科学家的特征。这个来自史密森学会天体物理观测站（SIAO）的团队由一位患有阅读障碍的研究人员领导，他是HSCA科学教育部门的专家，正在与科学家进行一系列行为实验室协议，以确定是否存在阅读障碍和受试者的视觉空间技能。 该提案包括一个准实验设计，将22名有阅读障碍的天体物理学家的表现与22名没有阅读障碍的天体物理学家的匹配比较队列进行比较;受试者来自HSCA和美国天文学会。该项目解决了RDE社区的关键需求：展示残疾条件的附加值，即阅读障碍，作为科学领域研究人员事业成功的一部分。 哈佛大学教育研究生院的一名外部评估员伊洛娜·霍兰德正在执行一项形成性和总结性项目评估计划。其他形成性项目输入由专家顾问团队提供，包括哈佛大学心智与教育项目主任Kurt Fischer;马萨诸塞大学波士顿分校视觉注意力实验室主任Marc Pomplun;纽约大学心理学系主任Marisa Carrasco;以及巴罗神经学研究所视觉神经科学实验室主任苏珊娜·马丁内斯-康德。 还有一个传播计划，其中包括在年度PI会议上与RDE社区分享信息，在同行评审的专业期刊上发表，并向州首席学校官员理事会提交信息。