SGER: Spontaneous Formation of Ordered Structures from a Capillary-Held Solution

美国国家科学基金会-化学传输系统部颗粒多相过程计划（1415）提案编号：0730611主要研究员：林志群单位： 爱荷华州州立大学提案标题：SGER：从毛细溶液中自发形成有序结构 智能优点通过不可逆的溶剂蒸发从固体基底上滴的非挥发性溶质的动态自组装被广泛认为是自发形成复杂的，大规模结构的nonlithography路线。然而，蒸发液滴内的流动不稳定性常常导致非平衡和不规则耗散结构，例如，因此，为了充分利用蒸发作为实现良好有序的2D结构的简单工具，需要对流动不稳定性和蒸发过程进行精细控制。拟议研究的目的是探索一种简单的，一步到位的方法，以精确可控的方式生产微米和纳米结构材料，无需光刻技术和外场。提出了两个具体目标。首先，通过控制包含受限几何形状的非挥发性溶质的蒸发液滴的流动来产生具有前所未有的规则性的有序结构（即，毛细管保持溶液）。第二，理解有趣结构的形成机制。我们打算用均聚物生产高度规则的结构。所提出的研究的智力价值体现在利用受限几何形状作为控制蒸发液滴内流动的独特环境的创新研究中，这反过来又以前所未有的规律性一步调节有序结构的形成，用于光学，电子学，组织工程和纳米技术。更广泛的影响拟议工作的更广泛的影响包括在研究生和本科层次更强的纳米科学教育。将招募女本科生进行夏季纳米材料研究，从而加强代表性不足的群体参与该项目。在这个项目中产生的知识可能会导致光学，微电子和光电器件的创建，由于聚合物结构单元的周期性排列，这些器件表现出新的功能，从而将基础科学发现转变为有益于社会的有用技术。

National Science Foundation - Division of Chemical &Transport Systems Particulate & Multiphase Processes Program (1415)Proposal Number: 0730611 Principal Investigator: Lin, Zhiqun Affiliation: Iowa State University Proposal Title: SGER: Spontaneous Formation of Ordered Structures from a Capillary-Held solution Intellectual MeritDynamic self-assembly of nonvolatile solutes through irreversible solvent evaporation of a drop from a solid substrate is widely recognized as a nonlithography route for the spontaneous formation of complex, large-scale structures. The flow instabilities within the evaporating droplet, however, often result in nonequilibrium and irregular dissipative structures, e.g., convection patterns, fingering instabilities, and so on. Therefore, to fully utilize evaporation as a simple tool for achieving well-ordered 2D structures, it requires delicate control over flow instabilities and evaporation process. The aim of the proposed research is to explore a simple, one-step method for producing micro- and nanostructured materials in a precisely controllable manner, dispensing with the need for lithography techniques and external fields. Two specific objectives are proposed. First, creating ordered structures with unprecedented regularity by controlling the flow of an evaporating droplet containing nonvolatile solutes in restricted geometries (i.e., a capillary-held solution). Second, understanding the mechanism of the formation of intriguing structures. We intend to produce highly regular structures with homopolymers. The intellectual merit of the proposed research is manifested in the innovative studies of exploiting restricted geometries as unique environments for controlling the flow within an evaporating droplet, which, in turn, regulate the ordered structure formation in one-step with unprecedented regularity for use in optics, electronics, tissue engineering, and nanotechnology. Broader ImpactsThe broader impacts of the proposed work include stronger nanoscience education at the graduate and undergraduate levels. Female undergraduate students will be recruited for summer nanomaterials research, thus strengthening the involvement of an underrepresented groups in the project. Knowledge generated in this project may lead to the creation of optical, microelectronic, and optoelectronic devices that exhibit novel functions due to the periodic arrangement of polymeric building blocks, thus transitioning fundamental scientific discoveries into useful technologies that benefit society.