PEET: Training the Next Generation of Nematode Taxonomists: Applying the Tools of Modern Monography Across Free-living and Parasitic Tylenchina

PEET：培训下一代线虫分类学家：将现代专题工具应用于自由生活和寄生 Tylenchina

• 批准号: 0731516
• 负责人: Steven Nadler
• 金额: $ 74.99万
• 依托单位: University of California-Davis
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-09-15 至 2013-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0731516&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: PEET; Training; Next; Generation; Nematode

This project addresses the shortage of specialists capable of identifying nematodes (roundworms) by training new scientists to discover and describe roundworms using traditional and molecular methods. This research focuses on a natural group of nematodes that includes the most economically damaging plant parasites, certain animal parasites, and species feeding on soil microbes. The main problem to be addressed is the need for comprehensive understanding of genealogical relationships among these nematodes so that comparative studies can determine how these organisms have parasitized plants and animals. Involvement of a worldwide network of experts provides knowledge transfer essential for training new scientists. The key role of nematodes in ecosystems, agriculture, veterinary science, and medicine contrasts starkly with the shortage of nematode taxonomists and the corresponding lack of information about nematode natural history. The main research objective is to narrow this gap by providing professional training in methods essential for identifying nematodes and assessing their relationships. This includes advanced microscopy and imaging techniques, standards for describing new species, procedures for obtaining and sequencing DNA, and methods for evaluating nematode relationships. This training will be focused on a nematode group (Tylenchina) that is pivotal to understanding mechanisms of parasitism. The broader impact of this research is through strengthening access of scientists to value-added products including nematode cultures, identification aids (morphological and molecular) and genealogies that will support advances in basic biology, ecology, agriculture, parasitology, and medicine.

该项目通过培训新的科学家使用传统和分子方法发现和描述线虫，解决了能够识别线虫（蛔虫）的专家短缺的问题。这项研究的重点是一组自然线虫，包括最具经济破坏性的植物寄生虫，某些动物寄生虫和以土壤微生物为食的物种。要解决的主要问题是需要全面了解这些线虫之间的系谱关系，以便比较研究可以确定这些生物体如何寄生植物和动物。全球专家网络的参与为培训新科学家提供了必不可少的知识转让。线虫在生态系统、农业、兽医学和医学中的关键作用与线虫分类学家的短缺和相应的线虫自然历史信息的缺乏形成鲜明对比。主要的研究目标是通过提供识别线虫和评估其关系所必需的方法的专业培训来缩小这一差距。这包括先进的显微镜和成像技术，描述新物种的标准，获得和测序DNA的程序，以及评估线虫关系的方法。本次培训将集中在一个线虫组（Tylenchina），这是了解寄生机制的关键。这项研究的更广泛影响是通过加强科学家获得增值产品，包括线虫培养物、鉴定辅助工具（形态学和分子学）和系谱，这将支持基础生物学、生态学、农业、寄生虫学和医学的进步。