SGER: Rapid Response to the 1 April, 2007 Solomon Islands Tsunami

SGER：对 2007 年 4 月 1 日所罗门群岛海啸的快速反应

• 批准号: 0734982
• 负责人: Brian McAdoo
• 金额: $ 2.5万
• 依托单位: Vassar College
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-06-01 至 2008-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0734982&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: SGER; Rapid; Response; April; 2007

The PI will carry out a rapid-reconnaissance survey of the 1 April 2007 Solomon Islands M=8.1 earthquake and tsunami with the aim of making geological observations, measuring wave properties, and collecting sediment samples. The survey will involve transects to collect sediment deposited by the tsunami along with evidence of wave heights, velocities, timing, etc. with the aim of calibrating models of flow depths based on the grain size distribution. The survey will also look for evidence of paleotsunamis with the aim of establishing a recurrence interval for this type of event.Data from tsunami surveys conducted since 1992 have aided greatly in the calibration of deep sea tsunami wave propagation models, allowing their use for guiding response and alert procedures. This survey will collect additional data on grain sizes that will help with calibrating a much more difficult modelling problem, that of tsunamis once they are in the shallow regimes of near-shore and on-shore environments, and the sedimentation patterns that these produce.The 07:40 (local) April 1 magnitude 8.1 earthquake generated a tsunami several meters high that struck many of the Solomon Islands. At least 34 people were killed by the tsunami, with several dozen additional victims missing as of reports received April 10. The Solomon Islands Disaster Council in Honiara estimates that 900-2500 homes were destroyed by the tsunami, displacing about 5500 people. The U.S. Embassy in Port Moresby is assessing alleged damage in the outer Milne Bay islands of Papua New Guinea. The earthquake ocurred along the boundary of the Pacific plate where the Australia, Woodlark, and Solomon Sea plates subduct beneath it.

PI将对2007年4月1日所罗门群岛8.1级地震和海啸进行快速勘测，目的是进行地质观测、测量波浪特性和收集沉积物样本。调查将包括收集海啸沿着沉积的沉积物的断面，以及波高、速度、时间等证据，目的是根据粒度分布校准水流深度模型。调查还将寻找古海啸的证据，目的是建立这类事件的复发间隔。自1992年以来进行的海啸调查的数据极大地帮助了深海海啸波传播模型的校准，使其能够用于指导响应和警报程序。这次调查将收集更多的数据粒度，这将有助于校准一个更困难的建模问题，即海啸一旦在近岸和岸上环境的浅区，以及这些产生的沉积模式。07：40（当地）4月1日8.1级地震产生了几米高的海啸，袭击了所罗门群岛的许多地区。截至4月10日收到的报告，至少有34人在海啸中丧生，另有数十人失踪。位于霍尼亚拉的所罗门群岛灾难理事会估计，海啸摧毁了900至2500所房屋，约5500人流离失所。美国驻莫尔兹比港大使馆正在评估巴布亚新几内亚米尔恩湾外岛屿的据称损失。这次地震发生沿着太平洋板块的边界，澳大利亚板块、伍德拉克板块和所罗门海板块俯冲到它下面。