Transient and Rapid Glacial Motions, including Glacial Earthquakes

短暂和快速的冰川运动,包括冰川地震

基本信息

  • 批准号:
    0739444
  • 负责人:
  • 金额:
    $ 20.38万
  • 依托单位:
  • 依托单位国家:
    美国
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
  • 财政年份:
    2008
  • 资助国家:
    美国
  • 起止时间:
    2008-06-01 至 2012-10-31
  • 项目状态:
    已结题

项目摘要

Rice 0739444This award supports a project to study the mode of formation and causes of glacial earthquakes. The paradigm for glacial flow has been that glaciers flow in a viscous manner, with major changes in the force balance occurring on the decade timescale or longer. The recent discovery of a number of even shorter timescale events has challenged this paradigm. In 2003, it was discovered that Whillans Ice Stream in West Antarctica displays stick-slip behavior on the 10-30 minute timescale, with ice stream speed increasing by a factor of 30 from already high speeds. In the past year, the minimum timescale has been pushed shorter by recognition that a class of recently discovered 50-second-long, magnitude-5 earthquakes are closely associated with changes in the force balance near the calving fronts of large outlet glaciers in both Greenland and East Antarctica. With no adequate theory existing to explain these relatively large earthquakes associated with outlet glaciers, we have begun to investigate the physical mechanisms that must be involved in allowing such a response in a system traditionally not thought capable of generating large variations in forces over timescales less than 100 seconds. The intellectual merit of the work is that large-amplitude, short-timescale variability of glaciers is an important mode of glacier dynamics that has not yet been understood from a first-principles physics perspective. The proposed research addresses this gap in understanding, tying together knowledge from numerous disciplines including glaciology, seismology and fault rupture dynamics, laboratory rock physics, granular flow, fracture mechanics, and hydrogeology. The broader impacts of the work are that there is societal as well as general scientific interest in the stability of the major ice sheets. However, without an understanding of the physical processes governing short time scale variability, it is unlikely that we will be able accurately predict the future of these ice sheets and their impact on sea level changes. The project will also contribute to the development and education of young scientists.
该奖项支持一个研究冰川地震的形成模式和原因的项目。冰川流动的模式一直是冰川以粘性方式流动,力平衡的重大变化发生在十年或更长的时间尺度上。最近发现的一些时间尺度更短的事件挑战了这一范式。2003年,人们发现南极洲西部的惠兰冰流在10-30分钟的时间尺度上表现出粘滑行为,冰流速度从已经很高的速度增加了30倍。在过去的一年里,由于认识到最近发现的一类50秒长的5级地震与格陵兰和东南极大型出口冰川的崩解锋面附近的力平衡变化密切相关,最小时间刻度被缩短了。由于没有足够的理论来解释这些与出口冰川相关的相对较大的地震,我们已经开始研究在一个传统上不能在低于100秒的时间尺度上产生巨大力量变化的系统中允许这种反应的物理机制。这项工作的学术价值在于,冰川的大幅度、短时间尺度变化是冰川动力学的一种重要模式,目前还没有从第一原理物理学的角度来理解这种模式。这项拟议的研究旨在解决这一认识上的差距,将冰川学、地震学和断层破裂动力学、实验室岩石物理、颗粒流、断裂力学和水文地质学等多个学科的知识联系在一起。这项工作的更广泛影响是,主要冰盖的稳定性引起了社会和普遍的科学兴趣。然而,如果不了解支配短时间尺度变化的物理过程,我们就不太可能准确地预测这些冰盖的未来及其对海平面变化的影响。该项目还将有助于青年科学家的发展和教育。

项目成果

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James Rice其他文献

A Web-Based Compositional Modeling System for Sharing of Physical Knowledge
用于共享物理知识的基于网络的成分建模系统
Appropriate Measures? Supporting Parents with ID in the Context of the CRPD
适当的措施?
Ecotype Origin of an Entangled Killer Whale (Orcinus orca) Identified with Remnant mtDNA
用残余 mtDNA 鉴定了缠结虎鲸 (Orcinus orca) 的生态型起源
  • DOI:
    10.1578/am.50.1.2024.45
  • 发表时间:
    2024
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    1.2
  • 作者:
    Charles Nye;K. Parsons;James Rice;C. Baker
  • 通讯作者:
    C. Baker
The ELINT Application on Poligon: The Architecture and Performance of a Concurrent Blackboard System
Poligon 上的 ELINT 应用:并发黑板系统的架构和性能
Social Consequences of Internet Use
互联网使用的社会后果
  • DOI:
  • 发表时间:
    2000
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    0
  • 作者:
    James Rice
  • 通讯作者:
    James Rice

James Rice的其他文献

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{{ truncateString('James Rice', 18)}}的其他基金

Thermo-Mechanics and Hydrology of Western Antarctic Ice Stream Margins
南极西部冰流边缘的热力学和水文学
  • 批准号:
    1341499
  • 财政年份:
    2014
  • 资助金额:
    $ 20.38万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Materials physics of rapidly sheared faults and consequences for earthquake rupture dynamics
快速剪切断层的材料物理及其对地震破裂动力学的影响
  • 批准号:
    1315447
  • 财政年份:
    2013
  • 资助金额:
    $ 20.38万
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant
Collaborative Research: Dakota Bioprocessing Consortium (DakotaBioCon)
合作研究:达科他生物加工联盟 (DakotaBioCon)
  • 批准号:
    1330842
  • 财政年份:
    2013
  • 资助金额:
    $ 20.38万
  • 项目类别:
    Cooperative Agreement
Mechanism of Natural Organic Matter Self-Assembly
天然有机物自组装机制
  • 批准号:
    1012648
  • 财政年份:
    2010
  • 资助金额:
    $ 20.38万
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant
Partnerships for Competitiveness: Cyber-enabling Primarily Undergraduate Institutions
竞争力合作伙伴关系:网络赋能的本科院校
  • 批准号:
    1006743
  • 财政年份:
    2010
  • 资助金额:
    $ 20.38万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Beyond the 2010 Initiative: Partnerships for Competitiveness
超越 2010 年倡议:伙伴关系以提高竞争力
  • 批准号:
    0903804
  • 财政年份:
    2009
  • 资助金额:
    $ 20.38万
  • 项目类别:
    Cooperative Agreement
Rupture Propagation and Arrest in Geometrically Complex Fault Systems: Branches, Stepovers, and Damaged Border Zones
几何复杂断层系统中的破裂传播和停止:分支、跨步和损坏的边界区域
  • 批准号:
    0809610
  • 财政年份:
    2008
  • 资助金额:
    $ 20.38万
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant
The 2010 Initiative: Science-Based Leadership for South Dakota
2010 年倡议:南达科他州基于科学的领导力
  • 批准号:
    0554609
  • 财政年份:
    2006
  • 资助金额:
    $ 20.38万
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant
South Dakota EPSCoR Planning Grant
南达科他州 EPSCoR 规划拨款
  • 批准号:
    0533039
  • 财政年份:
    2005
  • 资助金额:
    $ 20.38万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Rupture Propagation and Arrest in Geometrically Complex Fault Systems: Bends, Stepovers, and Damaged Border Zones
几何复杂断层系统中的破裂传播和停止:弯曲、跨步和损坏的边界区域
  • 批准号:
    0440145
  • 财政年份:
    2005
  • 资助金额:
    $ 20.38万
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant

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