SGER: Science-of-Opportunity Aboard Icebreaker Oden: Ocean-Atmosphere-Ice Interactions and Changes

摘要：该项目的目标是利用水文测量（CTD和XBT），结合(1)船载观测和卫星估算海冰浓度，以及(2)船载观测和气象变量再分析，研究2007- 2008年南部夏季阿蒙森海和罗斯海的海洋-大气-冰（OAI）相互作用。主要的科学目标如下：(1)在前一个冬春季节冰-大气变化的背景下，并与其他有数据的年份进行比较，研究阿蒙森海的三个样带和罗斯海的两个样带的上层海洋特征；(2)确定是否有其他证据表明温暖的环极深水上涌到阿蒙森海的大陆架和/或罗斯海的淡水增加，这是以前在这些地区进行的有限海洋调查所推断的；(3)研究沿航迹（样带外）海洋热结构的空间变异性，以提供更大的区域背景，并与Oden 2006-07年期间收集的海洋XBT数据进行比较。阿蒙森和罗斯海之间的重复温度调查尤其宝贵，因为这一区域是高纬度OAI对ENSO响应的区域中心，从而为研究和联系区域海洋时间变化与全球气候变化提供了机会。该研究将提高我们对高纬度OAI对气候变化响应的理解，并为我们的同事所观察到的生物和地球化学研究提供物理背景。我们的研究结果将通过研究出版物和互联网数据库，以及通过拉蒙特-多尔蒂地球观测站强有力的公共宣传工作，广泛提供。这些外展活动将有助于提高人们对高度敏感的南极地区人为气候变化、冰融化和生态系统变化的认识和理解。

AbstractThe project goal is to investigate the ocean-atmosphere-ice (OAI) interactions in the Amundsen and Ross Seas during the austral summer of 2007-08 using hydrographic measurements (CTD and XBT) in conjunction with (1) ship-based observations and satellite-derived estimates of sea ice concentration, and (2) ship-based observations and re-analyses of meteorological variables. The major scientific objectives are as follows: (1) to examine upper ocean characteristics along three transects in the Amundsen Sea and two transects in the Ross Sea within the context of ice-atmosphere variability over the preceding winter-spring season and as compared to other years where data are available; (2) to determine if there is additional evidence of increased upwelling of warm Circumpolar Deep Water onto the shelf in the Amundsen Sea and/or increased freshening in the Ross Sea as has been inferred by previous, but limited, ocean surveys in these regions; and (3) to examine the spatial variability in ocean thermal structure along the ship's track (outside the transects) to provide greater regional context and to compare with ocean XBT data collected during Oden 2006-07. A repeated temperature survey between the Amundsen and Ross Sea is particularly invaluable, given that this sector is the regional center of the high latitude OAI response to ENSO, thus providing opportunity for examining and linking regional oceanic temporal variability to global climate variability. The research will improve our understanding of the high latitude OAI response to climate change, and provide the physical context for the observed biology and geochemistry (investigated by our colleagues. Our results will be made widely available through research publications and internet-available databases, and through the strong public outreach efforts of Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory. The outreach efforts will help increase awareness and understanding of anthropogenic climate change, melting ice, and ecosystem alteration in the highly sensitive Antarctic.