Ballistospore Discharge: Adaptations Among Mushroom-Forming Fungi

弹孢子排出：蘑菇形成真菌的适应

• 批准号: 0743074
• 负责人: Nicholas Money
• 金额: $ 22.37万
• 依托单位: Miami University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-02-15 至 2012-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0743074&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Ballistospore; Discharge; Adaptations; Among; Mushroom

This project is concerned with the mechanism of ballistospore discharge in the Agaricomycetes, or mushroom-forming fungi, and, more specifically, with the ways in which the process is adapted to control launch speed and range. The mechanism involves the rapid motion of a fluid droplet over the spore surface and is powered by surface tension, a mechanism that can also drive man-made nanoscale machines. Subtle modifications in spore morphology have profound effects upon spore motion, suggesting that the varied forms of spores may reflect adaptation to specific selective pressures. There are three specific experimental aims. Aim 1 will identify adaptations to the ballistosporic mechanism that control launch speed and range in gilled, spined, and poroid mushrooms. Experiments will involve high speed video microscopy, mathematical modeling, and electron microscopy. The same methods will be used in Aim 2 to examine adaptations to the ballistosporic mechanism that control launch speed and range in discoid, flattened, and coral-shaped fruiting bodies. Aim 3 concerns changes in spore morphology and development associated with the loss of the ballistosporic mechanism in some species of mushroom-forming fungi. The project involves active collaboration with other faculty scientists in different disciplines, and work with graduate and undergraduate students. The training of undergraduate students from the College of Mount St. Joseph in Cincinnati through summer research experiences at Miami University is particularly important in terms of the broader impact of the project. A second mechanism for broadening the impact of the research involves student participation through the P.I.'s course in mycology. This class provides diverse students, including non-science majors, with a unique opportunity to participate in a single-semester research project designed to lead to significant and potentially publishable results.

该项目涉及伞菌纲或蘑菇形成真菌中的弹道孢子释放机制，更具体地说，涉及该过程适应控制发射速度和范围的方法。 该机制涉及流体液滴在孢子表面上的快速运动，并由表面张力提供动力，这种机制也可以驱动人造纳米机器。 孢子形态的细微变化对孢子运动有着深远的影响，这表明孢子的不同形式可能反映了对特定选择压力的适应。 有三个具体的实验目标。 目标1将确定适应的ballistosporic机制，控制发射速度和范围在鳃，刺，和多孔蘑菇。 实验将涉及高速视频显微镜，数学建模和电子显微镜。 同样的方法将被用于目标2，以检查适应ballistosporic机制，控制发射速度和范围在盘状，扁平，珊瑚状子实体。 目的3关注与某些蘑菇形成真菌中的弹孢子机制的丧失相关的孢子形态和发育的变化。 该项目涉及与不同学科的其他教师科学家积极合作，并与研究生和本科生合作。 通过在迈阿密大学的暑期研究经验，对辛辛那提圣约瑟夫山学院的本科生进行培训，对该项目的广泛影响尤为重要。 扩大研究影响的第二个机制涉及学生通过P.I.参与。的真菌学课程。 本课程为不同的学生，包括非科学专业的学生，提供了一个独特的机会，参加一个单学期的研究项目，旨在导致显着的和潜在的成果。