Contagious Asexuality via Introgressive Hybridization: a Test of Hypotheses using Genetic Mapping in Flowering Plants

通过渐渗杂交实现传染性无性：利用开花植物遗传图谱进行假设检验

• 批准号: 0743341
• 负责人: Richard Noyes
• 金额: $ 38.5万
• 依托单位: University of Central Arkansas
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-06-15 至 2014-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0743341&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Contagious; Asexuality; via; Introgressive; Hybridization

An issue of broad concern in biology is the impact of hybridization ("crossing") between different species, which encompasses phenomena as diverse as the escape of transgenes from cultivated crops, to the dynamics and outcomes of hybridization between native species. The proposed research aims to study from a genetic perspective the spread by hybridization of the ability in plants to produce seeds without fertilization, a phenomenon termed apomixis. In this research, hybrids between sexual and apomictic plants in a common herb (fleabane, Erigeron, sunflower plant family) will be studied. Genetic mapping using molecular markers will be used to test different hypotheses relating to the tempo of trait spread and also to evaluate the number, location, and interactions among genome regions affecting apomictic reproduction. This research is important because it provides a novel perspective on the genetics and evolution of asexual reproduction. Results will inform (1) efforts to transfer apomictic reproduction from wild to agronomic species; (2) models for the maintenance of sexual reproduction in natural populations; and (3) our understanding of how gene interactions influence the dynamics of the hybridization process. In addition, money from this project will be used to train several undergraduate and graduate students in molecular biology.

生物学中广泛关注的一个问题是不同物种之间杂交（“杂交”）的影响，这包括从栽培作物的转基因逃逸到本地物种之间杂交的动态和结果等多种现象。本研究旨在从遗传学的角度研究植物无融合生殖（apomixis）这一现象在不受精的情况下产生种子的能力的杂交传播。在本研究中，将研究一种常见草本植物（fleabane, Erigeron, sunflower plant family）的有性植株和无生殖植株的杂交。使用分子标记的遗传作图将用于测试与性状传播速度有关的不同假设，并评估影响无融合生殖的基因组区域的数量、位置和相互作用。这项研究很重要，因为它为无性生殖的遗传和进化提供了一个新的视角。结果将为(1)将无杂交生殖从野生物种转移到农艺物种的努力提供信息；(2)自然种群有性生殖的维持模式；(3)我们对基因相互作用如何影响杂交过程动力学的理解。此外，本项目的资金将用于培养数名分子生物学的本科生和研究生。