Ligand Functions and Ligand-Receptor Interactions Controlling Stomatal Patterning and Differentiation

控制气孔图案和分化的配体功能和配体-受体相互作用

• 批准号: 0744892
• 负责人: Keiko Torii
• 金额: $ 42.35万
• 依托单位: University of Washington
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-09-01 至 2011-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0744892&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Ligand; Functions; Receptor; Interactions; Controlling

Microscopic valves on the surface of land plants called stomata are essential for plant growth and survival and impact our global environment. Stomata are an interface between plants and the atmosphere. Notably, carbon-dioxide molecules (greenhouse gas) enter plants through stoma and are fixed into sugars to support plant growth and biomass production. Furthermore, a loss of water vapor through stomata, a process known as transpiration, promotes water movement from soil to the tip of plants to support their growth. During plant development, stomata are formed through a series of orchestrated differentiation events, where signals between cells specify the density and distribution of stomata on the plant epidermis. Recent research led to identification of candidate ligands and cell-surface receptors that govern stomatal patterning. This proposal is aiming at establishing the function and action of candidate ligands, EPIDERMAL PATTERNING FACTOR1 (EPF1) and EPF2, and to further determine whether these proteins associate with potential receptors, TOO MANY MOUTHS and ERECTA-family receptor kinases. Accomplishments of the proposed research will advance our knowledge to improve water-use efficiency and biomass production of important crop plant species. The proposed project will provide excellent training opportunities for future scientists at all levels in diverse backgrounds, from undergraduate, a starting technician and a postdoctoral researcher. They will learn broad knowledge of plant biology, molecular genetics, biochemistry, and imaging techniques and how to propose important questions in biology. A part of the research will further be incorporated into the undergraduate teaching lab course (Introductory Biology) to enhance education.

陆地植物表面的微型阀门称为气孔，对植物生长和生存至关重要，并影响我们的全球环境。 气孔是植物与大气之间的界面。值得注意的是，二氧化碳分子（温室气体）通过气孔进入植物，并被固定成糖，以支持植物生长和生物质生产。 此外，通过气孔的水蒸气损失，一个被称为蒸腾作用的过程，促进水分从土壤移动到植物的顶端，以支持它们的生长。在植物发育过程中，气孔通过一系列协调的分化事件形成，其中细胞之间的信号指定植物表皮上气孔的密度和分布。 最近的研究导致了候选配体和细胞表面受体，管理气孔图案的鉴定。该建议旨在建立候选配体，表皮图案化因子1（EPF 1）和EPF 2的功能和作用，并进一步确定这些蛋白质是否与潜在的受体，TOO MANY MOUTHS和ERECTA家族受体激酶相关。 拟议研究的成就将推进我们的知识，以提高重要作物物种的水利用效率和生物量生产。拟议的项目将为不同背景的各级未来科学家提供极好的培训机会，从本科生，开始技术人员和博士后研究人员。 他们将学习植物生物学，分子遗传学，生物化学和成像技术的广泛知识，以及如何提出生物学中的重要问题。 研究的一部分将进一步纳入本科教学实验室课程（生物学导论），以加强教育。