Soil-grain transport and dispersal by rainsplash, with implications for plant-soil interactions in deserts
雨淋引起的土壤-颗粒运输和扩散,对沙漠中植物-土壤相互作用的影响
基本信息
- 批准号:0744934
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 18.27万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:美国
- 项目类别:Continuing Grant
- 财政年份:2008
- 资助国家:美国
- 起止时间:2008-07-01 至 2013-02-28
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:
项目摘要
This project involves describing soil transport by rainsplash. By taking into account the intermittency of soil-grain motions activated by raindrops, the formulation indicates that gradients in raindrop intensity can be as important as surface slope in effecting transport. The formulation provides a practical framework for describing transport, dispersal and sequestration of soil-borne pathogens and nutrients by rainsplash. Building on recent success in clarifying the physics of the grain splash process, the project combines theoretical, experimental and field-based work to: (i) pursue a deeper understanding of soil-grain transport and dispersal by rainsplash; and (ii) illustrate how storage and release of sediments beneath desert shrubs in relation to rainsplash represents the behavior of a ?capacitor? that contributes to setting the rate of desert land-surface evolution. Experiments involve high-speed imaging of sediment grain transport during drop impacts, and measurements of transport and dispersal under controlled rainfall conditions. Field work involves measurements of soil features beneath and surrounding desert shrubs in the western U.S., aimed at clarifying relationships among the characteristic length scales of vegetation canopies and soil mounds in relation to grain splash.In addition to contributing to a clearer understanding of rainsplash transport as an important geomorphic process, the project will connect the physical details of rainsplash with studies focused on transport, dispersal and sequestration of contaminants, nutrients and pathogens in agricultural and desert settings, and on the ecology of desert vegetation, wherein desert plants are viewed as ?resource islands.? Graduate students supported during this project will gain a foundation in fluid mechanics and transport phenomena relevant to Earth-surface systems as well as other geoscience and engineering fields. Undergraduate students will be substantively involved, leading to senior thesis projects. The project will generate compelling images and videos of rainsplash that visually clarify this process. These will be readily accessible to the science community and public via educational web pages.This award will be supported by the NSF's program in Geomorphology and Land-Use Dynamics (EAR/GLD).
该项目涉及描述土壤迁移的雨水飞溅。 通过考虑雨滴激活的土壤颗粒运动的不稳定性,该公式表明雨滴强度梯度在影响输送方面可以与表面坡度一样重要。 该公式为描述雨滴对土传病原体和营养物质的传输、传播和封存提供了一个实用的框架。 在澄清谷物飞溅过程的物理学最近取得的成功的基础上,该项目结合了理论,实验和实地工作:(一)追求更深入地了解土壤谷物运输和分散的雨水飞溅;(二)说明如何存储和释放的沉积物下的沙漠灌木在关系到雨水飞溅代表的行为?电容器?决定了沙漠地表演化的速度 实验涉及在下落撞击过程中沉积物颗粒运输的高速成像,以及在受控降雨条件下运输和扩散的测量。 野外工作包括测量美国西部沙漠灌木下和周围的土壤特征,该项目除了有助于更清楚地了解作为一个重要地貌过程的雨溅迁移外,还将把雨溅的物理细节与侧重于农业和沙漠环境中污染物、营养物和病原体的迁移、扩散和隔离的研究联系起来,以及沙漠植被的生态学,其中沙漠植物被视为?资源岛? 在本项目期间支持的研究生将获得与地球表面系统以及其他地球科学和工程领域相关的流体力学和传输现象的基础。 本科生将实质性地参与,导致高级论文项目。 该项目将产生引人注目的图像和视频的雨水飞溅,在视觉上澄清这一过程。 科学界和公众可以通过教育网页随时获取这些信息。该奖项将得到美国国家科学基金会地貌学和土地利用动力学(Geomorphology and Land-Use Dynamics,简称GLD)项目的支持。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(0)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
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David Furbish其他文献
David Furbish的其他文献
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{{ truncateString('David Furbish', 18)}}的其他基金
COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH: The statistical mechanics of bed load sediment transport: Scaling particle motion to fluvial form
合作研究:床载沉积物输送的统计力学:将颗粒运动缩放为河流形式
- 批准号:
1735992 - 财政年份:2017
- 资助金额:
$ 18.27万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH: Clarifying the ingredients and significance of nonlocal versus local sediment transport on steepland hillslopes
合作研究:阐明陡峭山坡上非局部与局部沉积物迁移的成分和意义
- 批准号:
1420831 - 财政年份:2014
- 资助金额:
$ 18.27万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH: The statistical mechanics of bed load sediment transport: Meshing theory, experiments and advanced computations of coupled fluid-particle behavior
合作研究:床载沉积物迁移的统计力学:耦合流体-颗粒行为的网格理论、实验和高级计算
- 批准号:
1226076 - 财政年份:2012
- 资助金额:
$ 18.27万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
National Workshop: Collaborative Research in Engineering and Geoscience: Process-driven Risk Assessment and Mitigation in the Context of Sustainable Development
国家研讨会:工程和地球科学合作研究:可持续发展背景下过程驱动的风险评估和缓解
- 批准号:
0525781 - 财政年份:2005
- 资助金额:
$ 18.27万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Diffusive Soil Transport and Hillslope Evolution
土壤扩散迁移和山坡演化
- 批准号:
0405119 - 财政年份:2003
- 资助金额:
$ 18.27万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Diffusive Soil Transport and Hillslope Evolution
土壤扩散迁移和山坡演化
- 批准号:
0125843 - 财政年份:2002
- 资助金额:
$ 18.27万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
An Integrated Approach Towards a Quantitative Model of Salt Marsh Biocomplexity and Morphodynamics
盐沼生物复杂性和形态动力学定量模型的综合方法
- 批准号:
0120582 - 财政年份:2001
- 资助金额:
$ 18.27万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Flow Structure in Steep Mountain Streams
陡峭山涧的水流结构
- 批准号:
9313688 - 财政年份:1994
- 资助金额:
$ 18.27万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
Nonlinear Dynamical Behavior of the River Meandering Process
河流曲流过程的非线性动力行为
- 批准号:
9004646 - 财政年份:1990
- 资助金额:
$ 18.27万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
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