CAREER: Enhancing Thermodynamic Applications and Learning in Petrology (EnThALPy)

职业：加强岩石学中的热力学应用和学习（EnThALPy）

• 批准号: 0748411
• 负责人: Alan Whittington
• 金额: $ 43.9万
• 依托单位: University of Missouri-Columbia
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-06-01 至 2014-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0748411&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Enhancing; Thermodynamic; Applications; Learning

Igneous processes are of fundamental importance in shaping the planet, and in transferring heat and material within the Earth. On the human scale, millions of people are threatened by potentially active volcanoes. Eruption products include lava, ash, and gases such as H2O and CO2, which in large part drive explosive volcanic activity. A quantitative understanding of the physical properties and thermodynamics of magma is essential to modeling magma chamber processes, which cannot be observed directly. In particular, magma viscosity can vary by many orders of magnitude over short lengthscales and timescales. This project will determine the viscosity and heat capacity of calc-alkaline basaltic liquids containing the main magmatic volatiles: H2O, CO2, F, and combinations thereof. The key goals are to understand the effects of volatiles on basaltic liquids, and the implications of these effects for magma chamber dynamics and eruptive behavior. The active basaltic arc volcanoes Fuego and Pacaya, in Guatemala, will be studied in detail. Experimental data will be used to develop a predictive model for the viscosity of hydrous arc magmas from basalts through to rhyolites, based on configurational entropy theory. The effects of multiple volatile species will be investigated to test whether the combined effects are additive or result in more compex behavior.This project will have several broader impacts beyond the research aims stated above. In addition to their research, PhD students will take the Minor in College Teaching. They will be mentored by the PI and the on-campus Preparing Future Faculty program, and will gain experience in University science teaching and mentoring undergraduate researchers. Undergraduates will gain lab skills and research experience, better preparing them for graduate school. All students will present their research at national or international meetings, and conduct outreach activities including talks for local schools, with training and supervision from the PI. The PI will use systems dynamics tools to develop a constructivist learning environment for teaching igneous petrology in undergraduate classes. The goal is conceptual change in student perceptions of igneous systems and the nature of scientific inquiry.

火成岩作用对地球的形成，以及地球内部热量和物质的传递具有根本的重要性。就人类而言，数百万人受到潜在活火山的威胁。火山喷发的产物包括熔岩、火山灰和气体，如H2O和CO2，它们在很大程度上推动了火山的爆发活动。定量了解岩浆的物理性质和热力学对于模拟岩浆房过程至关重要，而岩浆房过程是无法直接观察到的。特别是，岩浆粘度可以在较短的长度尺度和时间尺度上变化许多数量级。该项目将测定含有主要岩浆挥发物H2O、CO2、F及其组合的钙碱性玄武岩液体的粘度和热容。关键目标是了解挥发物对玄武岩液体的影响，以及这些影响对岩浆室动力学和喷发行为的影响。将详细研究危地马拉的富埃戈和帕卡亚活跃的玄武岩弧火山。实验数据将用于建立一个基于构型熵理论的玄武岩到流纹岩的含水弧岩浆粘度预测模型。多种挥发种的影响将被研究，以测试是否联合效应是加性的或导致更复杂的行为。这个项目将有几个更广泛的影响超出上述的研究目标。除了他们的研究，博士生还将选修大学教学辅修课程。他们将受到PI和校园准备未来教师计划的指导，并将获得大学科学教学和指导本科生研究人员的经验。本科生将获得实验室技能和研究经验，更好地为研究生院做准备。所有学生都将在国家或国际会议上展示他们的研究成果，并在PI的培训和监督下为当地学校开展包括讲座在内的外展活动。该项目将使用系统动力学工具开发一个建构主义的学习环境，用于在本科课堂上教授火成岩岩石学。目标是改变学生对火成岩系统和科学探究本质的观念。