Genetic, Molecular and Biochemical Basis of Pathogen and Stress Induced Necrosis

病原体和应激性坏死的遗传、分子和生化基础

• 批准号: 0749865
• 负责人: Tesfaye Mengiste
• 金额: $ 48万
• 依托单位: Purdue University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-05-15 至 2012-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0749865&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Genetic; Molecular; Biochemical; Basis; Pathogen

Necrotrophic plant pathogens are diverse bacterial and fungal species that survive by extracting nutrients from killed plant cells. Due to this mode of nutrition they cause host cell death (necrosis) by releasing toxins into host tissues. Failure to limit necrosis by the plant leads to enhanced infections resulting in plant diseases that culminate in death and decay of the entire infected plant or its parts causing significant losses in crop yield. The biological processes underlying host responses to necrotrophic infections and the associated necrosis are not understood. The overall goal of this project is to determine the molecular mechanisms of plant responses to necrotrophic pathogens. Plant proteins that limit necrotrophic infections that have been identified will be used to determine the biological basis of host resistance or susceptibility to pathogen and stress induced necrosis. BOS1 (Botrytis Susceptible 1) is an R2R3MYB transcription factor that limits pathogen and stress induced necrosis. The functions of novel components of BOS1 mediated resistance including the role of BOS1 interacting E3 ligases will be studied and their regulatory role in resistance to necrosis and/or cell death caused by pathogens and pathogen derived toxins determined. The nature of cell death caused by necrotrophic pathogens and mechanisms of plant responses will be established using molecular, genetic and biochemical approaches. Genome scale changes in gene expression associated with pathogen induced necrosis and the role of BOS1 interacting proteins will be deciphered. This project will generate new knowledge on biochemical, molecular and genetic mechanisms of plant disease resistance and elucidate some of the fundamental differences in host responses to biotrophic and necrotrophic pathogens. In addition, the project will train undergraduate students from diverse institutions to promote student interest in plant biology. The project will promote graduate student training and education and research and mentoring skills for postdoctoral scientists in various aspects of plant biology.

坏死营养型植物病原体是通过从死亡的植物细胞中提取营养物质而存活的各种细菌和真菌物种。由于这种营养模式，它们通过将毒素释放到宿主组织中而导致宿主细胞死亡（坏死）。未能限制植物坏死导致感染增强，从而导致植物病害，最终导致整个受感染植物或其部分死亡和腐烂，从而导致作物产量的显著损失。宿主对坏死营养型感染和相关坏死反应的生物学过程尚不清楚。本项目的总体目标是确定植物对坏死性病原体反应的分子机制。已经鉴定的限制坏死营养型感染的植物蛋白将用于确定宿主对病原体和胁迫诱导的坏死的抗性或易感性的生物学基础。BOS 1（Botrytis Susceptible 1）是限制病原体和胁迫诱导的坏死的R2 R3 MYB转录因子。将研究BOS 1介导的抗性的新组分的功能，包括BOS 1相互作用E3连接酶的作用，并确定它们在对病原体和病原体衍生毒素引起的坏死和/或细胞死亡的抗性中的调节作用。坏死性病原体引起的细胞死亡的性质和植物反应的机制将建立使用分子，遗传和生物化学方法。与病原体诱导的坏死相关的基因表达的基因组规模变化和BOS 1相互作用蛋白的作用将被破译。 该项目将产生关于植物抗病性的生物化学、分子和遗传机制的新知识，并阐明宿主对活体营养型和坏死营养型病原体反应的一些根本差异。此外，该项目将培训来自不同机构的本科生，以提高学生对植物生物学的兴趣。该项目将促进研究生的培训和教育，促进博士后科学家在植物生物学各个方面的研究和指导技能。