Realistic Decision Theory: Foundations of the Behavioral and Social Sciences

现实决策理论：行为和社会科学的基础

• 批准号: 0749869
• 负责人: Paul Weirich
• 金额: $ 1万
• 依托单位: University of Missouri-Columbia
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-03-01 至 2009-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0749869&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Realistic; Decision; Theory; Foundations; Behavioral

The project is a workshop on realistic decision theory, a branch of philosophical decision theory. The principal investigator and five other speakers will present original papers formulating normative decision principles for agents with limited cognitive abilities. The workshop will run for two days at the University of Missouri-Columbia during spring 2008. Holding the workshop meets a growing need for a forum at which philosophers working in decision theory may exchange ideas and thereby further develop and improve their respective research projects; thus, the primary goal of the workshop is research oriented.A philosophical study of decision theory is crucial for organizing this interdisciplinary subject and strengthening its foundations. For example, philosophers have been instrumental in steering decision theory away from narrow behaviorism and in drawing attention to the role that counterfactual conditionals play in strategic reasoning in games. Philosophers are now using the results of empirical studies of decision-making to remove idealizations behind familiar principles of rationality such as the principle to maximize utility. The new principles they formulate can handle cases in which a decision itself furnishes evidence about its consequences. Their new principles also extend to groups that make decisions.The workshop will stimulate research in philosophical decision theory. The papers presented will be published in a special issue of the journal Synthese. The workshop will stimulate other participants to publish their work in academic journals. In addition, all participants will gather material to enrich philosophy courses that they teach. Besides fitting into courses on logic and reasoning, ideas from decision theory add substance to theories of confirmation in philosophy of science and epistemology. They flesh out contractarian theories of justice and morality.The workshop treats an intellectually significant field and will have very positive consequences for the research and teaching activities of participants. Research on bounded rationality is expanding rapidly, and philosophers are contributing innovative normative principles of decision-making. The workshop will bring together leading contributors to this field so that together they achieve the next generation of break-through discoveries.

该项目是关于现实决策理论的研讨会，现实决策理论是哲学决策理论的一个分支。首席研究员和其他五位演讲者将展示原创论文，为认知能力有限的代理人制定规范决策原则。该研讨会将于 2008 年春季在密苏里大学哥伦比亚分校举办，为期两天。举办该研讨会满足了人们对一个论坛日益增长的需求，决策理论领域的哲学家可以在论坛上交流思想，从而进一步发展和改进各自的研究项目；因此，研讨会的主要目标是以研究为导向的。决策理论的哲学研究对于组织这个跨学科主题并加强其基础至关重要。例如，哲学家在引导决策理论远离狭隘的行为主义以及引起人们对反事实条件在游戏策略推理中的作用方面发挥了重要作用。哲学家现在正在利用决策实证研究的结果来消除熟悉的理性原则（例如效用最大化原则）背后的理想化。他们制定的新原则可以处理决策本身提供有关其后果的证据的情况。他们的新原则也扩展到了决策团体。研讨会将促进哲学决策理论的研究。提交的论文将发表在《Synthese》杂志的特刊上。该研讨会将激励其他参与者在学术期刊上发表他们的作品。此外，所有参与者都将收集材料来丰富他们教授的哲学课程。除了适合逻辑和推理课程之外，决策论的思想还为科学哲学和认识论中的确认理论增添了实质内容。他们充实了正义和道德的契约论。研讨会涉及一个具有重要知识意义的领域，将对参与者的研究和教学活动产生非常积极的影响。有限理性的研究正在迅速扩大，哲学家们正在贡献创新的决策规范原则。该研讨会将汇集该领域的领先贡献者，以便他们共同实现下一代突破性发现。