INTEROP: Developing Community-based DRought Information Network Protocols and Tools for Multidisciplinary Regional Scale Applications (DRInet)

INTEROP：开发基于社区的干旱信息网络协议和工具，用于多学科区域规模应用（DRInet）

• 批准号: 0753116
• 负责人: Xiaohui Carol Song
• 金额: $ 75万
• 依托单位: Purdue University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-09-01 至 2013-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0753116&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: INTEROP; Developing; Community; based; DRought

INTEROP: Developing Community-based DRought Information NetworkProtocols and Tools for Multidisciplinary Regional Scale Applications(DRInet)Purdue UniverstiyDrought is a slow-acting natural hazard characterized by critical water shortages with far-reaching consequences. The National Drought Policy Act of 1998 and the follow-on National Integrated Drought Information System (NIDIS) legislation of 2006 indicate the immense importance of good drought information. Evidence suggests that a drought has many impacts, which can be categorized as economic, environmental, or social:- Regional air quality (possibly increasing ozone levels, dust, and biogenic emissions),- Plant disease potential (by making plants more vulnerable to certain diseases and rusts),- Human health (both through substandard water and in some cases dust and other emissions),- Reduced crop, rangeland, and forest productivity,- Increased fire hazard and indirectly insurance rates,- Reduced water levels and access to recreation,- Increased livestock and wildlife mortality rates,- Direct and indirect impact on regional economy,- Higher cost of living due to increased prices for food and timber and unemployment,- Reduced regional tax revenues because of reduced expenditures,- Increased crime, and foreclosures on bank loans to farmers and businesses, and- Migration and reduced living worthiness of a region.Drought maps and information on the intensity, geographic extent, and duration of meteorological, agricultural, and hydrological droughts draw users ranging from farmers to scientists. While drought mapping nationally has been standardized through the U.S. Drought Monitor, local and regional scale interpretation is still evolving. Relevant data are generated by different scientific domains and qualitative information from a number of sources on factors such as ground impacts, timing of a drought, and regional vulnerability or resilience also factors into analyses. However, all this data is not currently interoperable for sharing and comparison for different stakeholders, nor is it optimally integrated to characterize drought risks and user decisions in real time. It is not easy to access information for risk mitigation at the watershed, county, or farm levels.Purdue University is developing a regional drought information web portal, DRInet, which will be a focal point for collecting, synthesizing and disseminating local- to regional-scale drought-related datasets and commentary in a systematic, retrievable way. DRInet will provide a basis for the community to better assess and accommodate droughts and drought impacts. By formalizing data and information exchange, DRInet puts drought data, drought forecasts, and the analysis of causal factors for droughts into an interoperable framework that allows new dialogues between different disciplines and so creates novel opportunities for research and economic well being. DRInet also provides a means for interfacing with the community for assessing drought triggers, evaluating possible causal factors for short-term and long-term drought evolution, delineating the impact on the drought monitor network, and developing novel linkages with stakeholders for applications related to drought impacts on air quality, water quality, economic forecasts, plant disease etc. DRInet will enable farmers to use the local drought data, soil condition and weather forecasts to decide when and how intensely to irrigate. Other constituencies interested in accurate drought data include climatologists, hydrologists, county extension educators and town managers, economists, agriculture experts, policy makers, media, and the commodity market, each wanting to use drought data for their particular purposes.DRInet will benefit from community participation including those from National Drought Mitigation Center, University of Nebraska Lincoln; National Water and Climate Center, NRCS, Portland; NOAA Central Region Climate Focal Point; Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India; International Center for Water Resources Management, Central State University, Wilberforce, Ohio; Agriculture and Natural Resource (ANR) Program, Purdue University Cooperative Extension Services and Indiana State Climate Office; and the Midwest Regional Climate Partners ? University of Illinois, Western Kentucky University, Ohio State University, Michigan State University, University of Wisconsin.

INTEROP：开发基于社区的干旱信息网络协议和工具的多学科区域规模的应用（DRInet）普渡大学干旱是一种缓慢的自然灾害，其特点是严重的水资源短缺，具有深远的影响。1998年的《国家干旱政策法》和2006年的后续国家干旱综合信息系统立法表明，良好的干旱信息极为重要。有证据表明，干旱有许多影响，可分为经济、环境或社会影响：- 区域空气质量（可能增加臭氧水平，灰尘和生物排放），-植物疾病的可能性（通过使植物更容易受到某些疾病和锈病的影响），-人类健康（通过不合标准的水和在某些情况下灰尘和其他排放），-作物，牧场和森林生产力降低，-火灾和间接保险率增加，-水位降低和娱乐机会减少，-牲畜和野生动物死亡率增加，-对区域经济的直接和间接影响，- 由于粮食和木材价格上涨以及失业，生活费用增加，-由于支出减少，地区税收减少，-犯罪增加，农民和企业丧失银行贷款的赎回权，以及-移民和一个地区生活价值的降低。气象、农业和水文干旱的持续时间吸引了从农民到科学家的用户。虽然通过美国干旱监测，全国干旱绘图已经标准化，但地方和区域尺度的解释仍在发展。相关数据是由不同科学领域产生的，从若干来源获得的关于地面影响、干旱时间、区域脆弱性或复原力等因素的定性信息也被纳入分析。然而，所有这些数据目前都不能相互操作，供不同的利益攸关方共享和比较，也不能最佳地综合起来，以便真实的描述干旱风险和用户决定。普渡大学正在开发一个区域干旱信息门户网站DRInet，它将成为一个协调中心，以系统和可检索的方式收集、综合和传播地方到区域范围的干旱相关数据集和评论。DRInet将为社区更好地评估和适应干旱和干旱影响提供基础。通过规范数据和信息交换，DRInet将干旱数据、干旱预测和干旱因果因素分析纳入一个可互操作的框架，允许不同学科之间进行新的对话，从而为研究和经济福祉创造新的机会。DRInet还提供了一种与社区互动的手段，用于评估干旱触发因素，评估短期和长期干旱演变的可能因果因素，描述对干旱监测网络的影响，并与利益相关者建立新的联系，以应用与干旱对空气质量、水质、经济预测、植物病害等的影响有关的应用。土壤状况和天气预报来决定何时灌溉和灌溉强度。对准确的干旱数据感兴趣的其他支持者包括气候学家、水文学家、县推广教育工作者和城镇管理者、经济学家、农业专家、政策制定者、媒体和商品市场，他们都希望将干旱数据用于自己的特定目的。国家水和气候中心，NRCS，波特兰; NOAA中部地区气候联络点;印度科学研究所，班加罗尔，印度;国际水资源管理中心，中央州立大学，威尔伯福斯，俄亥俄州;农业和自然资源（ANR）计划，普渡大学合作推广服务和印第安纳州气候办公室;和中西部地区气候合作伙伴？西肯塔基州伊利诺伊大学俄亥俄州州立大学密歇根州立大学威斯康星大学威斯康星州。