Circulation of Iron Products in the Iron-Age of Eastem France and Southem Germany: Multidisciplinary and Methodological Approaches towards the provenance of Ancient Iron

该方案的目标是双重的。它有一个考古学的方法取向，并讨论了与原始历史时期有关的人类学和历史问题。第一个目标是以互补的方式利用、对抗和发展确定铁产品起源的两种考古方法。事实上，最近在德国和法国考古实验室发生的方法学发展，现在可以设想铁和钢考古文物的来源研究。这是对铁器时代社会相关问题的一个真实的突破。第二个目标是，通过应用这些方法，解决两个年代（后期哈尔施塔特/早期拉泰内）的铁器时代，并带来了新的视野的贸易关系和铁的作用，在每一个发生在这些时期的重大变化。为此，我们解决了一个特定的一组考古材料，将适用于创新的方法来确定起源开发在法国和德国。考古方法开发的两个团队是基于微量元素的化学和同位素的生产领域的签名的测定。因此，在第一步中，将在与该问题有关的潜在生产区（即洛林、巴登符腾堡、Senonais、Pays de Bray、西巴伐利亚）的现场发现的矿石、考古炉渣和其他作业链废物中遵循这一签名。在第二步中，我们将分析这些时期的两种类型的对象特征的化学签名：优先分布在北方阿尔卑斯山复杂的地理区域的双锥体锭和炫耀的葬礼存款区的代表战车埋葬的轮胎。多变量分析的结果将允许达到可靠的种源确定。

The objective of this program is twofold. It has a methodological orientation in Archaeometry and discusses anthropological and historical issues related to proto-historical periods. The first objective is to exploit, to confront and develop in a complementary way both archaeometric methods for determining the origins of iron products. Indeed, recent methodological development that occurred both in German and French archaeometry laboratories allows now to envisage provenance studies for ferrous and steel archaeological artefacts. This is a real breakthrough for the issues related to Iron Age societies. The second objective is, by applying these methods, to address two chronological periods (late Hallstatt / early La Tene) ofthe Iron ages and bring a renewed vision of trade relations and of the role of iron in each of the major changes occurring in these periods. For this, we address a specific set of archaeological material on which will be applied innovative methods for determining the origins developed in France and Germany.The archaeometric methods developed by the two teams are based on the determination of trace element chemical and isotopic signature of production areas. Thus in a first step, this signature will be followed in ore, archaeological slag and other wastes of the operating chains found on the sites of potential production areas linked to the issue; i.e. Lorraine, Baden Wuerttemberg, Senonais, Pays de Bray, West Bavaria. In a second step, we will analyze the chemical signature of two types of objects characteristics of these periods: bipyramidal ingots preferentially distributed in the geographical area of the northern Alps complex and tires of chariot burials representatives of ostentatious funeral deposit zones. Multivariate analyses of the results will allow reaching reliable provenance determining.