Documenting Tlingit Raven Stories [ISO 639 tli]

记录特林吉特乌鸦故事 [ISO 639 tli]

• 批准号: 0756468
• 负责人: James Crippen
• 金额: $ 14.92万
• 依托单位: Tlingit Readers, Inc.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-08-01 至 2015-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0756468&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Documenting; Tlingit; Raven; Stories; ISO

There are now an estimated 300 speakers of Tlingit, down from the estimated 2,000 speakers in the 1974. Such a rapid decline has made more urgent completion of work on a major volume of Classics of Tlingit Oral Literature. With NSF support, Richard and Nora Marks Dauenhauer will complete the camera-ready copy of volume 5 in the series, Tlingit Raven Stories. It includes approximately fifty stories by twelve storytellers; some new stories may be added. Audio files will also be published, minimally a CD to accompany the book, and ideally a web-based format. The audio component of the publication is new for several reasons. New technology makes distribution feasible and affordable, but of greater importance, two major Tlingit cultural prohibitions against publishing the sound files have diminished in the last 35 years. When the Dauenhauers first started, Tlingit elders were very uncomfortable about hearing the voices of the departed. Also, there was a strong tradition of clan ownership of stories, a kind of oral copyright, so that while the content was not secret or esoteric, rights to tell a story were restricted. Since then, an entire generation of speakers has died. The tribal audience is now comprised of the younger generation, who are themselves learners, not speakers, of the language. When weighed against the survival and documentation of the language itself, the traditional constraints on performance now seem less important, and the voice of the departed elders is becoming a source of comfort and inspiration rather than discomfort and distress. Raven stories are the comic genre in Tlingit oral literature, and Tlingit Raven Stories will be the first such collection published in the Tlingit language in the entire 200-year history of books about Tlingit. The first and still only Raven story in Tlingit was published by the Dauenhauers as a booklet in 1973. Otherwise, all Raven stories have been published in Russian, German, or English retellings, but never in Tlingit. The book features Tlingit texts transcribed from tape recordings of oral performance, facing English translation, annotation, and the spoken version itself. It includes approximately 50 stories by the last generation of master storytellers raised in the Tlingit language and culture, with the full range of linguistic and stylistic skills. The last of these tradition bearers passed away in 2006 at the age of 93. The permanent record created in this project will ensure its usefulness for researchers and language learners well into the future.

现在估计有300人说特林吉特语，低于1974年估计的2,000人。 如此迅速的下降使得完成《特林吉特口头文学经典》一大卷的工作变得更加紧迫。在NSF的支持下，理查德和诺拉马克·道恩豪尔将完成该系列第5卷《特林吉特乌鸦故事》的摄影版。它包括大约50个故事，由12个讲故事的人;一些新的故事可能会增加。音频文件也将被出版，最低限度的CD伴随着这本书，最理想的是基于网络的格式。该出版物的音频部分是新的，原因有几个。新技术使发行变得可行和负担得起，但更重要的是，在过去35年里，特林吉特文化对出版声音文件的两个主要禁令已经消失。当道恩豪尔一家刚开始的时候，特林吉特的长老们对听到死者的声音感到非常不舒服。此外，有一个强大的传统，氏族所有权的故事，一种口头版权，所以，虽然内容不是秘密或深奥，讲故事的权利受到限制。从那时起，整整一代的演讲者都死了。部落听众现在由年轻一代组成，他们自己是语言的学习者，而不是发言者。当与语言本身的生存和记录相权衡时，对表现的传统限制现在似乎不那么重要了，已故长者的声音正在成为安慰和灵感的来源，而不是不适和痛苦。乌鸦故事是特林吉特口头文学中的漫画类型，特林吉特乌鸦故事将是整个200年历史上第一部以特林吉特语出版的关于特林吉特的书籍。第一个也是唯一一个在特林吉特的乌鸦故事是由道恩豪尔在1973年出版的小册子。除此之外，所有乌鸦的故事都是用俄语、德语或英语复述的，但从来没有用特林吉特语。这本书的特色是从口头表演的录音带转录的特林吉特文本，面对英语翻译，注释和口语版本本身。它包括大约50个故事，由在特林吉特语言和文化中长大的最后一代说书大师创作，具有全面的语言和文体技能。最后一位传统传承者于2006年去世，享年93岁。该项目中创建的永久记录将确保其在未来对研究人员和语言学习者的有用性。