Collaborative Research: Radiative Effects of Desert Dust Deposits in Alpine Snow

这项研究将针对以下科学目标：(1)确定圣胡安山脉积雪吸收尘埃沉积频率和幅度的现代基线，(2)雪的积分反照率和光谱反照率相对于尘埃浓度和分层的时间变化，(3)开发雪反照率和尘埃浓度之间的参数，以纳入大气环流模式的辐射模块，(4)调查科罗拉多高原和其他来源(自然和人为)的尘埃沉积的贡献，以及(5)确定区域和地方吸收尘源对高山雪场的时间变异性。这项研究旨在为理解这一半干旱地区的水文收支的敏感性提供一个框架，该地区的雪反照率是积雪融化的主要项。由于缺乏测量，大气环流模型没有包括雪反照率和杂质的准确参数。这项工作将把这些参数传递给国家大气研究中心的研究人员，以便纳入社区气候系统模型和其他模型。广泛的影响：该项目提供教育和推广计划。一名研究生将在PI提供的监督下进行该项目的工作。该项目将包括面向本科生的研究体验(REU)和面向教师的研究体验(RET)推广计划。加州大学博尔德分校的一名本科生将参与现场和数据分析，作为REU助学金的高级论文的一部分。该项目将由圣胡安地区一所学校的教师参与，特别侧重于西尔弗顿公立学校的教师。西尔弗顿公立学校被认为是一所高度贫困的学校，鉴于其提高科学技术课程的能力，该学校已表示有意参加RET项目。来自参议员贝克·阿尔卑斯和沼泽天使亚高山地区的实时气象数据将通过网络服务器分发，并用于驱动在线版本的雪物理模型“SNTHERM.89”。开设大气科学和雪水文学课程的大学学生将能够访问圣胡安山脉的数据，并使用当地气象和辐射数据运行SNTHERM模型，以预测积雪特性。

This study will address the following scientific objectives (1) determination of the modern baseline of absorbing dust deposition frequency and magnitude to snowcover in the San Juan Mountains, (2) the temporal variation of the integrated and spectral albedo of snow relative to dust concentration and layering, (3) develop parameterizations between snow albedo and dust concentrations for inclusion in radiation modules for general circulation models, (4) investigate the contribution of dust deposition from the Colorado Plateau and other sources (natural and anthropogenic), and (5) determine the temporal variability of regional to local absorbing dust sources to the alpine snowfields.The research is intended to provide a framework for understanding the sensitivity of the hydrologic budget in this semi-arid region where snow albedo represents the dominant term in the generation of snowmelt. Because of a lack of measurements, general circulation models have not included accurate parameterizations of snow albedo and impurities. This work will be communicating these parameterizations to researchers at the National Center for Atmospheric Research for inclusion in the Community Climate System Model and other models.Broader Impact: The project provides programs of Education and Outreach. A graduate student will work on the project with supervision provided by the PI. The project will include the outreach programs Research Experiences for Undergraduates (REU) and Research Experiences for Teachers (RET). A CU-Boulder undergraduate will participate in field and data analysis as part of a senior thesis with an REU grant. In the capacity of an RET, the project will involve teachers from a San Juan region school with a particular focus on teachers from the Silverton Public School. The Silverton Public School, considered a high poverty school, has expressed intention to participate in an RET with the project given its capacity to enhance their science and technology curriculum.The real-time meteorological data from the Senator Beck alpine and the Swamp Angel subalpine sites will be distributed via a webserver and used to drive an online version of the snow physics model "SNTHERM.89". Students at universities with atmospheric science and snow hydrology courses will be able to access data from the San Juan Mountains and run the SNTHERM model with local meteorological and radiative data to predict snowpack properties.