Electroweak and Strong Interactions at Very High Energies: Precision Tests of the Standard Model and Beyond

今天，粒子物理学的标准模型（SM）为描述物质基本成分的电磁、弱和强相互作用提供了一个经过彻底测试的框架。SM成功地描述了所有目前观察到的物质粒子（夸克和轻子）和基本力的介质（光子，W和Z玻色子和胶子）的电弱和强相互作用。然而，由于SM的明显缺点（例如，虽然这是一个非常复杂的理论（如量子力学、量子力学目前和未来对撞机实验的主要目标是进一步测试SM并检测新物理学的信号，（通过生产非SM颗粒），或间接（与SM粒子的预测性质的微小偏差）。PI建议调查顶夸克和希格斯玻色子相互作用中可能的SM偏差，并开发改进的理论计算和计算工具，需要在费米实验室Tevatron，欧洲核子研究中心大型强子对撞机（LHC）和未来的国际e+ e#8722;线性对撞机（ILC）进行SM和SUSY粒子的精确研究&。为了从这些实验中提取精确的物理信息，理论预测必须匹配或超过实验精度。鉴于预期的实验准确性，必须改进目前的预测。这将首先涉及计算辐射校正，然后在蒙特卡洛事件发生器中进行实际模拟，拟议活动的更广泛影响是，研究将有助于更好地了解基本粒子的性质及其相互作用。开发的工具将公开提供，并将帮助实验高能物理界充分利用目前和未来的对撞机实验的潜力，以测试SM和寻找新的物理信号。该项目将为本科和研究生阶段的学生提供一个良好的培训基地，教授他们超越粒子物理研究范围的宝贵技能。拟议的活动将与世界各地的科学家合作进行，部分是在美国线性对撞机物理组的范围内进行，并将进一步推动美国-国际联合科学努力。

Today, the Standard Model (SM) of particle physics provides a thoroughly tested framework for describing electromagnetic, weak and strong interactions of the fundamental constituents of matter. The SM successfully describes all presently observed electroweak and strong interactions of matter particles (quarks and leptons) and of the mediators of the fundamental forces (photon, W and Z bosons, and the gluon). However, due to apparent shortcomings of the SM (e.g., hierarchy problem, fine tuning, absence of gauge-coupling unification at high energies), it is commonly believed that it is merely the low-energy limit of a more fundamental theory, which has additional symmetries such as Supersymmetry (SUSY), an additional symmetry that connects fermions and bosons or which has extra spatial dimensions. The main goal of present and future collider experiments is to further test the SM and to detect signals of new physics, either directly (through the production of non-SM particles), or indirectly (as small deviations from the predicted properties of SM particles).The PIs propose to investigate possible deviations from the SM in the interactions of top quarks and Higgs bosons, and to develop improved theoretical calculations and computational tools which are needed to perform precision studies of SM and SUSY particles at the Fermilab Tevatron, the CERN Large Hadron collider (LHC), and a future International e+e− Linear Collider (ILC). In order to extract precise physics information from these experiments, theoretical predictions must match or exceed the experimental accuracy. In light of the anticipated experimental accuracy, current predictions must be improved. This will involve first the calculation of radiative corrections and then their implementation in Monte Carlo event generators for realistic simulations.The broader impact of the proposed activities is that the research will contribute to an improved understanding of the properties of elementary particles and their interactions. The tools developed will be made publicly available and will help the experimental high-energy physics community to fully exploit the potential of present and future collider experiments for testing the SM and searching for signals of new physics. This project will provide an excellent training ground for students at both the undergraduate and graduate level, teaching them skills valuable beyond the scope of particle physics research. The proposed activities will be pursued in collaboration with scientists worldwide, partly in context of the American Linear Collider Physics Group, and will further US-international joint scientific efforts.