All-Order Precision for LHC Phenomenology

该奖项资助了纽约州立大学布法罗分校的Simone Marzani教授的研究活动。大型强子对撞机（LHC）是世界上能量最高的粒子对撞机。它将粒子加速到非常高的能量，然后使它们相互碰撞。这背后的想法是爱因斯坦著名的方程，它允许质量和能量相互转换：有足够的碰撞能量，就可以创造出重粒子，自然界的基本组成部分和它们之间的相互作用可以在以前从未探索过的能量和距离上进行研究。因此，这一领域的研究通过促进科学在其最基本的方向之一的进步来促进国家利益：发现和理解新的物理定律。大型强子对撞机对撞的是质子，它们之间存在强烈的相互作用，而在每次这样的对撞中，都会产生大量的强相互作用粒子。Marzani教授的研究重点是理解强作用力，以实现粒子相互作用的非常精确的建模，从而使物理学家能够发现隐藏在结果数据中的新的和罕见的现象。预计该项目还将产生更广泛的重大影响。Marzani教授将让博士后和研究生参与他的研究，从而为初级物理学家在这个领域开始研究提供关键的培训。他还打算就他的研究成果进行公开演讲，并根据LHC的研究成果开发新的课程。从技术上讲，Marzani教授将利用他在全阶微扰计算方面的专业知识，开发理论工具，在大型强子对撞机上执行精确的QCD现象学。他还将在希格斯物理学的背景下使用这些工具，寻找新粒子，并表征它们的性质。这个提议涉及两个主要的研究领域：对希格斯和电弱玻色子产生的精确计算，以及对喷流特性的分析研究，这在粒子物理现象学中无处不在。

This award funds the research activities of Professor Simone Marzani at the University at Buffalo, The State University of New York. The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is the highest-energy particle collider in the world. It accelerates particles to very high energies and then collides them against each other. The idea behind this is Einstein's famous equation that allows mass and energy to be converted into each other: with enough collision energy, heavy particles can be created and the fundamental building blocks of Nature and their interactions can be studied at energies and distances never explored before. As a result, research in this area advances the national interest by promoting the progress of science in one of its most fundamental directions: the discovery and understanding of new physical laws. The LHC collides protons, which are strongly interacting, and further strongly-interacting particles are abundantly produced in every such collision. The research of Professor Marzani is focused on understanding the strong force, in order to achieve a very precise modeling of particle interactions which will in turn allow physicists to uncover new and rare phenomena hiding within the resulting data. This project is also envisioned to have significant broader impacts. Professor Marzani will involve a postdoc and graduate students in his research, and thereby provide critical training for junior physicists beginning research in this field. He also intends to give public lectures on his research results, and develop new course curricula based on results coming from the LHC. More technically, Professor Marzani will employ his expertise in all-order perturbative calculations to develop theoretical tools to perform accurate QCD phenomenology at the LHC. He will also use these tools in the context of Higgs physics, searches for new particles, and characterization of their properties. This proposal involves two main areas of investigation: accurate calculations for Higgs and electroweak boson production, and analytical studies of the properties of jets, which are ubiquitous in particle physics phenomenology.