Studies in Experimental Particle Physics

本提案要求继续支持辛辛那提大学主校区Sokoloff/Meadows小组在实验基本粒子物理方面的研究项目，主要基于SLAC的BaBar实验和拟议的LSST实验。BABAR合作项目成立于2004年，目的是在一个不对称B工厂设计、建造和操作一个探测器，以研究B介子衰变中cp违逆的起源。除了许多与B介子物理有关的发现外，BABAR还发现了新的粒子（如DSJ和Y(4260)），并发现了新的现象，如在中性D介子系统中粒子与反粒子的振荡（混合），反之亦然。在即将到来的资助期内，该小组将继续进行D0 &amp；#8722；D介子的0-bar混合，D介子衰变中的cp -违和，D介子的基本性质，与测量Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa （CKM）矩阵角a有关的B介子衰变，以及Y的衰变（4260）。展望未来，他们已经开始研究大型综合巡天望远镜（LSST）项目，以研究宇宙中暗物质的分布。暗物质的特性及其在宇宙中的分布为任何关于自然基本力量的理论提供了重要的限制。通过弱透镜对暗物质分布的精确测量，与在Tevatron和/或LHC中产生的大质量粒子的直接观测、在实验室中对暗物质的直接观测以及在天体物理学实验中对暗物质相互作用或衰变的间接观测同时进行，将导致物理学在最小和最大尺度上的基本统一。现在标准模型不包括冷暗物质的候选物质，而冷暗物质比重子暗物质丰富得多。他们在BABAR上的工作限制了标准模型之外的物理理论，并可能有助于指出通往新物理学的道路。研究暗物质在宇宙中的分布，将把今天在实验室中观察到的粒子相互作用与最早在宇宙中观察到的粒子相互作用联系起来。在更广泛的影响方面，该小组将继续主要在QuarkNet项目内开展工作，并雇用本科生参与研究。在研究方面，他们将与LSST上的天文学家密切合作。虽然他们有很多东西要向他们学习，但他们也提供了新的视角和经验，这应该会导致更好的传统天文学，以及一流的宇宙学。他们带来了在大型合作中工作的经验，拥有巨大的数据集，其中减少和理解系统不确定性对科学至关重要。将实验粒子物理学的技术与天文学的技术相结合，有望最大限度地回答与暗物质和暗能量有关的基本科学问题。

This proposal requests continuing support for a program of research for the Sokoloff/Meadows group at the University of Cincinnati Main Campus in experimental elementary particle physics based primarily on the BaBar experiment at SLAC and the proposed LSST experiment.The BABAR Collaboration was created in 2004 to design, construct, and operate a detector at an asymmetric B-factory to study the origins of CP-violation in the decays of B mesons. In addition to many discoveries made related to B meson physics, BABAR has discovered new particles (the DSJ and the Y(4260) as examples) and has discovered new phenomena such as the oscillations (mixing) of particles into anti-particles, and vice versa, in the neutral D meson system. During the coming grant period, the group will pursue it studies of D0 − D 0-bar mixing, CP-violation in D meson decays, fundamental properties of D mesons, B meson decays related to measuring the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM) matrix angle a, and of decays of the Y(4260).Looking to the future, they have begun working on the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope (LSST) project to study the distribution of dark matter in the universe. Both the characteristics of dark matter and its distribution within the universe provide important constraints on any theory of the fundamental forces of nature. Precise measurements of the distribution of dark matter via weak lensing, made in parallel with direct observations of high mass particles produced at the Tevatron and/or the LHC, direct observations of dark matter in the laboratory, and indirect observations of the interactions or decays of dark matter in astrophysics experiments will lead to a fundamental unification of physics at the smallest and largest scales. Now the Standard Model does not include a candidate for the cold dark matter which is so much more abundant than its baryonic cousin. Their work on BABAR constrains theories of physics beyond the Standard Model and may help point the way to new physics. Studying the distribution of dark matter in the universe will connect the particle interactions one observes in the laboratory today with those observed in the universe at the earliest times.On Broader Impacts, the group will continue its work primarily within the QuarkNet program as well as employing undergraduates in the research. In research, they will collaborate closely with astronomers on the LSST. While they have very, very much to learn from them, they also offer new perspectives and experience that should lead to better conventional astronomy, as well as first-rate cosmology. They bring experience working in large collaborations, with tremendously large datasets, where reducing and understanding systematic uncertainties is critical to the science. Integrating the techniques of experimental particle physics with those of astronomy promises the greatest reach for answering fundamental scientific questions related to dark matter and dark energy.