RUI: Experimental Investigation of the Physico-chemical Properties of Aqueous Organic and Mixed Organic/Inorganic Systems Important in the Upper Troposphere

RUI：对流层上层重要的水有机和混合有机/无机系统的物理化学性质的实验研究

• 批准号: 0803203
• 负责人: Keith Beyer
• 金额: $ 48.76万
• 依托单位: University of Wisconsin-La Crosse
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-07-01 至 2015-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0803203&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RUI; Experimental; Investigation; Physico; chemical

The thermodynamic properties of aqueous systems that constitute aerosol particles in the mid and upper troposphere will be investigated. Because, depending on their phase, these aerosols may be involved in cirrus cloud formation and contribute to earth's radiation balance, their phase diagrams and relative humidity/solute concentration relationships will be studied. Temperature-dependent deliquescence relative humidity (DRH) and concentration/activity relationships will be measured using humidity-controlled thermogravimetric analysis (HTGA) for several aqueous dicarboxylic acids in the range 303 - 253 K: malonic (C3H4O4), oxalic (C2H2O4), succinic (C4H6O4), maleic (C4H4O4), malic (C4H6O5), and glutaric (C5H8O4). Low temperature liquid/solid equilibrium phase diagrams will also be investigated. Enthalpies of transition, the temperature-dependent DRH, and concentration/activity relationships will be measured using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), infrared spectroscopy of thin films, and HTGA for ternary systems of dicarboxylic acids, ammonium sulfate, and water.The results of this research will be used to validate and constrain atmospheric aerosol models. Undergraduate students will be extensively involved in laboratory experimental work, data analysis, and communication of results. A new research grade humidity-controlled thermogravimetric analyzer (HTGA) will be purchased, which will enhance the research and teaching infrastructure at the grantee institution. Students will gain extensive experience with FTIR and DSC instruments as well as the HTGA.

将研究构成对流层中高层气溶胶粒子的水系统的热力学性质。因为根据它们的相，这些气溶胶可能参与卷云的形成并有助于地球的辐射平衡，它们的相图和相对湿度/溶质浓度的关系将被研究。温度依赖性潮解相对湿度（DRH）和浓度/活性关系将使用湿度控制热重分析（HTGA）测量几种水溶液二羧酸在303 - 253 K范围内：丙二酸（C3H4O4）、草酸（C2H2O4）、琥珀酸（C4H6O4）、马来酸（C4H4O4）、苹果酸（C4H6O5）和戊二酸（C5H8O4）。低温液/固平衡相图也将被研究。利用差示扫描量热法（DSC）、薄膜红外光谱和二羧酸、硫酸铵和水三元体系的HTGA来测量转变焓、温度依赖性DRH和浓度/活度关系。这项研究的结果将用于验证和约束大气气溶胶模型。本科学生将广泛参与实验室实验工作，数据分析和结果交流。将购买一台新的研究级湿度控制热重分析仪（HTGA），这将加强受资助机构的研究和教学基础设施。学生将获得FTIR和DSC仪器以及HTGA的丰富经验。