Polyoxometalate-Containing Diblock Copolymers: Synthesis, Self-Assembly and Applications

含多金属氧酸盐的二嵌段共聚物：合成、自组装和应用

• 批准号: 0804158
• 负责人: Zhonghua Peng
• 金额: $ 30万
• 依托单位: University of Missouri-Kansas City
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-07-01 至 2012-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0804158&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Polyoxometalate; Containing; Diblock; Copolymers; Synthesis

TECHNICAL SUMMARY: One exciting development in recent years on polyoxometalates (POMs), a fascinating type of molecular anionic cluster with sizes in the nanometer region, is that new chemistry has finally allowed the rational and controlled incorporation of POM clusters into organic ?à-conjugated systems. It is now conceivable to envision next-generation POM-containing hybrids which offer morphological control and possess ordered micro- (and/or nano-) domain structures. This proposal indeed aims at preparing unprecedented hybrid diblock copolymers with one flexible block containing POM clusters as pendants and the other block a ?à-conjugated polymer. One fundamental question to be carefully addressed is how attached ¡§giant¡¨ ionic clusters affect the self-assembly process and what new morphologies may result. One specific application to be targeted is for solar cells. If phase-separated bicontinuous networks can be realized from hybrid rod-coil diblock copolymers where the POM clusters aggregate in one domain while conjugated ?à-segments arrange in the other, efficient photoinduced charge separation and transport may be attainable. Such hybrid diblock copolymers are thus potentially new efficient photovoltaic materials. In addition to achieving efficient charge transport through diblock copolymer self-assembly, sub-phase liquid crystal order, including both nematic and discotic liquid crystalline phases, are judiciously designed to further improve charge transporting properties. NON-TECHNICAL SUMMARY: Energy shortage is one of the most important issues facing industrialized nations in the 21st century. Harvesting solar energy using solar cells is one of the most appealing and environmentally friendly approaches. While conventional semiconductor-based solar cells have been in existence for over half a century now, these cells are still too expensive for broad applications. Compared to traditional solar cells, polymer-based cells enjoy a variety of advantages such as low fabrication cost, light weight, substrate flexibility, good mechanical properties, etc. The issue with polymer solar cells has been the poor power conversion efficiency. This proposal aims at developing conceptually new hybrid polymers where electron-accepting inorganic clusters are brought together with organic block copolymers to facilitate photo-induced charge separation and subsequent charge transport. These hybrid polymers not only represent a brand new type of material on which fundamental scientific questions can be addressed, but are also potentially highly efficient photovoltaic materials. The economic and social impact of a breakthrough in polymer solar cell research is enormous. The project¡¦s multidisciplinary nature will offer students, including undergraduates and high school students, ample opportunities to develop intellectual and technical skills in a diverse area. The project will also allow the PI to continue to expand his outreach to more underrepresented and disadvantaged students in the greater Kansas City metropolitan area.

技术摘要：近年来，北极星含量（POM）的一个令人兴奋的发展是一种引人入胜的分子阴离子簇，在纳米区域具有尺寸，是，新的化学作用最终使POM簇的理性和受控公司进入有机物？现在可以想象，含有形态学控制并具有有序的微型（和/或纳米 - ）结构的下一代含POM的杂种。该建议确实旨在准备前所未有的混合二嵌段共聚物，其中一个柔性块，其中包含pom簇作为吊坠，而另一个块a？à缀合的聚合物。要仔细解决的一个基本问题是，离子簇的附件如何影响自组装过程以及可能导致什么新形态。一个要针对的特定应用是用于太阳能电池。如果可以从混合杆圈二嵌段共聚物中实现相分离的双连续网络，在该杂种二嵌段共聚物中，pom簇在一个域中聚集在一个域中，同时可以在另一个域中进行划分，则可以实现有效的光诱导的电荷分离和运输。因此，这种混合二嵌段共聚物可能是新的有效的光伏材料。除了通过二嵌段共聚物自组装中实现有效的电荷传输外，还明智地设计了亚置液晶液级，包括列和盘状液晶阶段，还可以进一步改善电荷运输特性。非技术摘要：能源短缺是21世纪工业化国家面临的最重要问题之一。使用太阳能电池收集太阳能是最具吸引力，最环保的方法之一。尽管传统的半导体太阳能电池已经存在了半个多世纪，但对于广泛的应用，这些电池仍然太昂贵了。与传统的太阳能电池相比，基于聚合物的电池具有多种优势，例如制造成本低，重量轻，底物柔韧性，良好的机械性能等。聚合物太阳能电池的问题是功率转化效率较差。该提案旨在开发概念上的新混合聚合物，在该聚合物中，将电子感受的无机簇与有机块共聚物融合在一起，以促进光诱导的电荷分离和随后的电荷运输。这些混合聚合物不仅代表了可以解决基本科学问题的全新材料，而且还可能是高效的光伏材料。项目和社会项目的多学科性质将为包括本科生和高中生在内的学生提供足够的机会来发展潜水区域的智力和技术技能。该项目还将允许PI继续将其推广扩展到大堪萨斯城都会区更为不足和扰乱的学生。