Small-Amplitude AFM Studies of Nanoconfined Water

纳米承压水的小振幅 AFM 研究

• 批准号: 0804283
• 负责人: Peter Hoffmann
• 金额: $ 36.5万
• 依托单位: Wayne State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-11-01 至 2013-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0804283&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Small; Amplitude; AFM; Studies; Nanoconfined

****NON-TECHNICAL ABSTRACT****Although water is the most ubiquitous liquid in the environment, its properties are still not well understood. In the context of nanotechnology, the behavior of nanoscale water is a subject of great controversy and great importance. Nanoscale water plays an important role in biology, where it determines the shape of the macromolecules in our cells, and in nanotechnology, where engineers are developing new devices that can analyze ever smaller water samples for medical diagnoses. This award supports a project to study the mechanical properties of water confined between two surfaces that are only 1-20 water molecules apart. When water is confined to such tight places, it behaves quite differently from bulk water. So far, experiments by different research groups have yielded contradictory results. A novel Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), developed at Wayne State University, will be used to conduct careful measurements under varied conditions, such as changes in ion concentration or different confining surfaces in an attempt to elucidate the properties of water confined to nanoscale spaces. This project is integrated with training opportunities through a new graduate interdisciplinary Materials Science program and undergraduate Biomedical Physics program. Students who will be involved in this research will be trained in instrument development and state-of-the-art nanoscience research. The results of this research will be communicated through ongoing outreach efforts, which have so far reached hundreds of middle and high school students, teachers and parents.****TECHNICAL ABSTRACT****The properties of water, as the primary solvent of biological systems, are not fully understood, especially in situations where water is confined to nanoscale spaces. When water is confined to only a few molecular layers, continuum models break down, and oscillatory force profiles are observed. However, experiments to measure the mechanical properties of nanoconfined water have yielded contradictory results. This project will use novel Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) Techniques, developed at Wayne State University, to study the mechanics and dynamics of nanoconfined water layers. The home-built AFM systems use ultra-small amplitudes of order 0.03 nm to perform linear measurements of the viscoelastic properties of confined water layers. This project will study how the dynamics of water change under various conditions, including changes in dissolved ion concentrations, applied shear, compression speeds, chemistry of confining surfaces, and external DC and RF electromagnetic fields. The latter is intended to elucidate the role of polarity and hydrogen bonding in nanoconfined water on its viscoelastic characteristics. This research is integrated with new educational programs at Wayne State, including a new interdisciplinary Materials Science graduate program and a new undergraduate Biomedical Physics program. Through these programs and this research projects graduate and undergraduate students will be trained in state-of-the-art instrumentation and nanoscience research.

**** 非技术性摘要 **** 虽然水是环境中最普遍的液体，但其性质仍不清楚。在纳米技术的背景下，纳米级水的行为是一个极具争议和重要性的主题。纳米尺度的水在生物学中起着重要的作用，它决定了我们细胞中大分子的形状，在纳米技术中，工程师们正在开发新的设备，可以分析更小的水样用于医疗诊断。该奖项支持一个研究两个表面之间水的机械特性的项目，这两个表面之间只有1-20个水分子。当水被限制在如此狭窄的地方时，它的行为与散装水完全不同。到目前为止，不同研究小组的实验得出了相互矛盾的结果。韦恩州立大学开发的一种新型原子力显微镜（AFM）将用于在不同条件下进行仔细测量，例如离子浓度或不同限制表面的变化，以试图阐明限制在纳米空间中的水的性质。该项目通过新的研究生跨学科材料科学课程和本科生生物医学物理课程与培训机会相结合。参与这项研究的学生将接受仪器开发和最先进的纳米科学研究的培训。这项研究的结果将通过正在进行的外联工作进行宣传，迄今已接触到数百名初中和高中学生、教师和家长。技术摘要 * 水作为生物系统的主要溶剂，其性质尚未完全了解，特别是在水被限制在纳米级空间的情况下。当水被限制在只有几个分子层，连续模型打破，和振荡的力剖面观察。然而，测量纳米承压水的机械性能的实验产生了矛盾的结果。 该项目将使用新的原子力显微镜（AFM）技术，在韦恩州立大学开发，研究纳米承压水层的力学和动力学。 自制的AFM系统使用0.03 nm量级的超小振幅进行线性测量的承压水层的粘弹性。该项目将研究水的动力学如何在各种条件下变化，包括溶解离子浓度的变化，外加剪切，压缩速度，限制表面的化学，以及外部DC和RF电磁场。后者的目的是阐明极性和氢键作用在nanobined水的粘弹性特性。 这项研究与韦恩州立大学的新教育项目相结合，包括一个新的跨学科材料科学研究生课程和一个新的本科生物医学物理课程。通过这些计划和研究项目，研究生和本科生将接受最先进的仪器和纳米科学研究的培训。