Dissertation Research: Do egg size effects cascade through salamander ontogeny? Allometric engineering of maternal provisioning

论文研究：卵大小效应是否会通过蝾螈个体发育产生级联效应？

• 批准号: 0808300
• 负责人: Carl Schlichting
• 金额: $ 1.2万
• 依托单位: University of Connecticut
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-06-01 至 2010-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0808300&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Dissertation; Research; Do; egg; size

Maternal investment in amphibian offspring varies a great deal among species, individuals and environments. However, larger egg size comes at the cost of producing fewer offspring. Furthermore, egg size variation in nature is often accompanied by differences in larval morphology and behavior (phenotype). The mechanistic relationship between egg size and larval phenotype remains controversial because species also differ in genetic and environmentally-induced traits. This project will examine experimentally the effects of egg size on larval phenotype in salamanders in which egg size evolutionarily doubled after a pond breeding species invaded streams. By surgically removing yolk from embryos, the effect of maternal investment on the phenotype will be assessed in light of stream adaptations. Specifically, we will examine egg size effects on hatching time and stage, body size and shape, escape performance and survival rates, and time to metamorphosis.The intellectual merit of this research includes developing a powerful experimental research technique for studying a major component of amphibian life history evolution that can help identify correlated traits that respond to egg size. Broader impacts include training of a graduate student, six undergraduates with diverse backgrounds, and broad dissemination of the results - from YouTube to local, national and international meetings, and publication in peer-reviewed journals.

母亲对两栖动物后代的投资在物种、个体和环境之间有很大差异。然而，更大的鸡蛋大小是以产生更少的后代为代价的。此外，自然界中卵大小的变化往往伴随着幼虫形态和行为（表型）的差异。卵大小和幼虫表型之间的机械关系仍然存在争议，因为物种在遗传和环境诱导的性状上也存在差异。本计画将以实验方式探讨蝾螈卵大小对幼虫表型的影响，其中卵大小在池塘繁殖物种入侵溪流后进化加倍。通过手术从胚胎中取出卵黄，将根据溪流适应性评估母体投资对表型的影响。具体来说，我们将检查蛋的大小对孵化时间和阶段，身体大小和形状，逃生性能和存活率的影响，以及时间到morphois.The研究的智力价值包括开发一个强大的实验研究技术，研究两栖动物生活史进化的一个主要组成部分，可以帮助确定相关的性状，响应蛋的大小。更广泛的影响包括培训一名研究生，六名背景不同的本科生，以及广泛传播结果-从YouTube到地方、国家和国际会议，以及在同行评审期刊上发表。