The Sumatra volcano-triggering experiment: Contributions from Space Geodesy

苏门答腊火山触发实验：空间大地测量学的贡献

• 批准号: 0810214
• 负责人: Falk Amelung
• 金额: $ 30万
• 依托单位: University of Miami
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-08-01 至 2012-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0810214&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Sumatra; volcano; triggering; experiment; Contributions

An open question in volcano science is whether and how earthquakes trigger volcanic eruptions. It is well known that there is a short-term interaction related to the passage of the seismic waves (minutes to days after the earthquake) but it is not understood whether there is an intermediate-term or a long-term interaction (weeks to month or month to decades after the earthquake). This project uses satellite interferometry to survey the volcanic activity in Sumatra before and after the 2004 and 2005 earthquakes to answer this question. The earthquakes were among the largest-ever instrumental earthquakes and provide a unique opportunity to investigate eruption triggering because they were associated with significant decompression of the volcanic arc. The InSAR survey tests the hypothesis that earthquake-induced decompression triggers eruptions. The rationale of this project is that new volcanic activity is associated with the ascent of magma from deep sources towards the surface and thus detectable by precise space geodetic measurements. In the first phase of the project 2005-2010 imagery of the Canadian Radarsat-1 and the Japanese ALOS satellite will be analyzed to detect any anomalous surface deformation that occurred after the earthquakes. In the second phase 1993-1998 imagery from the JERS-1 satellites will be analyzed to map surface deformation prior to the earthquakes. Comparison of pre-earthquake with post-earthquake data will identify triggered volcano deformation. This project is a partnership between the University of Miami and the Institute of Technology in Bandung (ITB), Indonesia. ITB will lead ground-based investigations of satellite-detected active centres in collaboration with Indonesian government and research institutions.

火山科学中的一个悬而未决的问题是地震是否以及如何引发火山爆发。众所周知，与地震波的传播有关的短期相互作用（地震后几分钟到几天），但不清楚是否存在中期或长期相互作用（地震后几周到一个月或一个月到几十年）。本项目利用卫星干涉测量法对苏门答腊岛2004年和2005年地震前后的火山活动进行了调查，以回答这个问题。这些地震是有史以来最大的仪器地震之一，为研究火山爆发提供了一个独特的机会，因为它们与火山弧的显著减压有关。InSAR调查测试了地震引起的减压引发火山喷发的假设。该项目的基本原理是，新的火山活动与岩浆从深部上升到地表有关，因此可以通过精确的空间大地测量来检测。在该项目的第一阶段，将分析加拿大Radarsat-1和日本ALOS卫星2005-2010年的图像，以探测地震后发生的任何异常地表变形。在第二阶段，将分析JERS-1卫星1993-1998年的图像，绘制地震前的地表变形图。地震前和地震后数据的对比将识别触发火山变形。该项目是迈阿密大学和印度尼西亚万隆理工学院（ITB）之间的合作项目。ITB将与印度尼西亚政府和研究机构合作，领导对卫星探测到的活动中心进行地面调查。