Collaborative Research: Life histories of species in the genus Calanus in the North Atlantic and North Pacific Oceans and responses to climate forcing

摘要在北大西洋和北太平洋中的浮游动物中，水蚤属的种类占绝对优势。它们在海洋食物网络互动中的关键作用在美国和国际上的GLOBEC项目中都得到了认可。通过实验室实验和海上测量，已经获得了大量关于生活史特征的知识，包括生长、繁殖、死亡、滞育行为和人口学。该项目回顾和综合了这一知识，并利用它为两个同域物种对中的兄弟物种开发了基于个体的生命周期模型，这两个同域物种对是北太平洋的C.marshallae和C.pacphaus，以及北大西洋的C.finmarchicus和C.helGolandicus，这是GLOBEC计划和美国、加拿大和欧洲最近其他研究项目的特别重点。IBLC模型随后被应用于预测每个物种在环境食物和温度的合理气候变化情景下对强迫的生活史响应。该项目涉及对一名研究生和两名博士后研究人员进行评估和预测气候变化对海洋浮游生物种群影响的培训。它促进了与加拿大和欧洲研究人员的国际合作，包括参加在欧洲的一个研讨会。通过研讨会、与包括缅因州渔民？S论坛在内的渔民管理人员的信息交流会、与参与缅因湾鲱鱼和金枪鱼研究的同事以及在国家海洋和大气局内的气候和渔业互动的同事在附属项目中的合作，向更广泛的渔业和管理界进行宣传。

AbstractSpecies in the genus Calanus are predominant in the mesozooplankton of the North Atlantic and North Pacific Oceans. Their key role in marine food web interactions has been recognized in GLOBEC programs, both in the U.S. and internationally. Considerable knowledge of life history characteristics, including growth, reproduction, mortality, diapause behavior and demography has been acquired from both laboratory experiments and measurements at sea. This project reviews and synthesizes this knowledge and uses it to develop an Individual Based Life Cycle model for sibling species in two sympatric species pairs, C.marshallae and C. pacificus in the North Pacific Ocean and C. finmarchicus and C.helgolandicus in the North Atlantic, that have been the particular focus of GLOBEC programs and other recent research projects in the U.S., Canada and Europe. The IBLC model is then applied to make predictions about the life history response of each species to forcing under reasonable climate change scenarios for ambient food and temperature. The project involves training of a graduate student and two postdoctoral researchers in evaluation and prediction of effects of climate change on marine plankton populations. It fosters international collaboration with Canadian and European researchers, including participation in a workshop in Europe. Outreach to the broader fishing and management community is through seminars, information exchange sessions with fishermen managers, including the Maine Fisherman?s Forum, collaboration in affiliated projects with colleagues involved in herring and tuna research in the Gulf of Maine and in climate and fisheries interactions within NOAA.