Fire, Atmospheric pCO2, and Climate as Alternative Primary Controls of C4-Grass Abundance: The Late-Quaternary Perspective

火灾、大气 pCO2 和气候作为 C4 草丰度的替代主要控制因素:晚第四纪视角

基本信息

  • 批准号:
    0816610
  • 负责人:
  • 金额:
    $ 42.61万
  • 依托单位:
  • 依托单位国家:
    美国
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant
  • 财政年份:
    2008
  • 资助国家:
    美国
  • 起止时间:
    2008-07-15 至 2013-06-30
  • 项目状态:
    已结题

项目摘要

Grass-dominated ecosystems cover about one-third of Earth's land surface, influence global biogeochemical processes (e.g. water, carbon, and nutrient cycling), and serve as major food sources for humans and herbivores. These ecosystems are among the most sensitive to future changes in climate and atmospheric chemistry. This sensitivity can be partially attributed to the differential responses of two major functional groups, C3 and C4 plants. C4 plants gain competitive advantages under certain environmental conditions (e.g. fire, heat, drought, and low pCO2). C3 and C4 plants in turn have distinct influences on major biogeochemical processes; for example, the role of C4 plants in global net primary production is disproportionately large. Despite these well-known differences, it remains controversial what environmental factors directly control the relative abundances of C3 and C4 plants. Paleoecological studies can help decipher the responses of C3 and C4 plants to a wide range of environmental conditions, thereby offering information for anticipating future changes. This project will evaluate the effects of fire, climate, and atmospheric CO2 concentration on the variation of C4-grass abundance over the past 25,000 years in East Africa and Australia. The researchers will analyze sediment cores for a suite of ecological proxy indicators and develop a novel technique to estimate the abundance of C4 plants in geological records. This project provides an excellent context for educating the general public on climate change and grassland ecology. The researchers will organize summer courses targeting middle and high school teachers as well as land managers.
以草为主的生态系统覆盖了约三分之一的地球陆地表面,影响着全球生物地球化学过程(如水、碳和养分循环),是人类和食草动物的主要食物来源。这些生态系统对未来气候和大气化学的变化最为敏感。这种敏感性部分归因于C3和C4两种主要官能团的不同反应。C4植物在某些环境条件下(如火、热、干旱和低二氧化碳分压)获得竞争优势。C3和C4植物对主要生物地球化学过程的影响不同;例如,C4植物在全球净初级生产中的作用不成比例地大。尽管存在这些众所周知的差异,但哪些环境因素直接控制C3和C4植物的相对丰度仍然存在争议。古生态学研究可以帮助破译C3和C4植物对各种环境条件的反应,从而为预测未来的变化提供信息。该项目将评估火灾、气候和大气二氧化碳浓度对东非和澳大利亚过去25000年来c4 -草丰度变化的影响。研究人员将分析沉积物岩心的一套生态代理指标,并开发一种新技术来估计地质记录中C4植物的丰度。这个项目为教育公众气候变化和草原生态提供了一个很好的环境。研究人员将组织针对初中和高中教师以及土地管理者的暑期课程。

项目成果

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Feng Sheng Hu其他文献

A 14,500-year record of landscape change from Okpilak Lake, northeastern Brooks Range, northern Alaska
阿拉斯加北部布鲁克斯山脉东北部的奥克皮拉克湖 14,500 年来的地貌变化记录
  • DOI:
  • 发表时间:
    2012
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    2.1
  • 作者:
    W. Wyatt Oswald;D. Gavin;P. Anderson;L. Brubaker;Feng Sheng Hu
  • 通讯作者:
    Feng Sheng Hu
Integrating Different Data Sources Using a Bayesian Hierarchical Model to Unveil Glacial Refugia
使用贝叶斯分层模型整合不同的数据源来揭开冰川保护区的面纱
Using SPIRAL (Single Pollen Isotope Ratio AnaLysis) to estimate C<sub>3</sub>- and C<sub>4</sub>-grass abundance in the paleorecord
  • DOI:
    10.1016/j.epsl.2008.03.001
  • 发表时间:
    2008-05-15
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
  • 作者:
    David M. Nelson;Feng Sheng Hu;Daniel R. Scholes;Neeraj Joshi;Ann Pearson
  • 通讯作者:
    Ann Pearson
Scanning micro‐X‐ray fluorescence elemental mapping: A new tool for the study of laminated sediment records
扫描微X射线荧光元素图:研究层状沉积物记录的新工具
  • DOI:
    10.1029/2007gc001800
  • 发表时间:
    2008
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    3.7
  • 作者:
    T. Shanahan;J. Overpeck;J. B. Hubeny;John W. King;Feng Sheng Hu;K. Hughen;Gifford H. Miller;J. L. Black
  • 通讯作者:
    J. L. Black
A ∼33,000 year record of environmental change from Arolik Lake, Ahklun Mountains, Alaska, USA
美国阿拉斯加阿克伦山脉阿罗利克湖约 33,000 年来的环境变化记录
  • DOI:
  • 发表时间:
    2003
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    0
  • 作者:
    D. Kaufman;Feng Sheng Hu;J. Briner;A. Werner;B. Finney;I. Gregory‐Eaves
  • 通讯作者:
    I. Gregory‐Eaves

Feng Sheng Hu的其他文献

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{{ truncateString('Feng Sheng Hu', 18)}}的其他基金

Advancing Arctic Paleoecology: An Integrative Approach to Understanding Species Refugia and Population Dynamics in Response to Late-Quaternary Climate Change
推进北极古生态学:了解物种保护区和种群动态以应对晚第四纪气候变化的综合方法
  • 批准号:
    1418339
  • 财政年份:
    2014
  • 资助金额:
    $ 42.61万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: Nonlinearities in the Arctic climate system during the Holocene
合作研究:全新世北极气候系统的非线性
  • 批准号:
    0907986
  • 财政年份:
    2010
  • 资助金额:
    $ 42.61万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: Integrating paleoecological analysis and ecological modeling to elucidate the responses of tundra fire regimes to climate change
合作研究:整合古生态分析和生态模型来阐明苔原火灾状况对气候变化的响应
  • 批准号:
    1023477
  • 财政年份:
    2010
  • 资助金额:
    $ 42.61万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
DISSERTATION RESEARCH: The Role of Permafrost and Soil Development in Boreal-Forest Responses to Holocene Climatic Change
论文研究:永久冻土和土壤发育在北方森林对全新世气候变化反应中的作用
  • 批准号:
    0910262
  • 财政年份:
    2009
  • 资助金额:
    $ 42.61万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: Impacts of Climatic Change on the Boreal-Forest Fire Regimes of Alaska: Lessons from the Past and Prospects for the Future
合作研究:气候变化对阿拉斯加北方森林火灾状况的影响:过去的教训和未来的展望
  • 批准号:
    0612366
  • 财政年份:
    2006
  • 资助金额:
    $ 42.61万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
DISSERTATION RESEARCH:Seeking Evidence for Glacial Refugia of North American White Spruce
论文研究:寻找北美白云杉冰川保护区的证据
  • 批准号:
    0508748
  • 财政年份:
    2005
  • 资助金额:
    $ 42.61万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH: A SYNTHESIS OF THE LAST 2000 YEARS OF CLIMATIC VARIABILITY FROM ARCTIC LAKES
合作研究:过去 2000 年北冰洋湖泊气候变化的综合
  • 批准号:
    0455102
  • 财政年份:
    2005
  • 资助金额:
    $ 42.61万
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant
Collaborative Research: Holocene Climatic Variability in Southern Alaska -- Quantitative Estimates of Temperature and Precipitation, Warm Intervals, and Possible Cyclicity
合作研究:阿拉斯加南部全新世气候变化——温度和降水、温暖间隔和可能的周期性的定量估计
  • 批准号:
    0318404
  • 财政年份:
    2003
  • 资助金额:
    $ 42.61万
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant
Climatic and Ecological Controls on the Holocene Range Expansion of Western Hemlock and Western Redcedar in the Interior Pacific Northwest
西北内陆地区西部铁杉和西部红杉全新世范围扩张的气候和生态控制
  • 批准号:
    0212917
  • 财政年份:
    2002
  • 资助金额:
    $ 42.61万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: An Integrated Approach to Understanding the Role of Climate-Vegetation-Fire Interactions in Boreal Forest Responses to Climatic Change
合作研究:了解气候-植被-火灾相互作用在北方森林对气候变化响应中的作用的综合方法
  • 批准号:
    0108702
  • 财政年份:
    2001
  • 资助金额:
    $ 42.61万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant

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