Noise, Waves and Synchrony

噪声、波浪和同步

• 批准号: 0817131
• 负责人: Bard Ermentrout
• 金额: $ 47.46万
• 依托单位: University of Pittsburgh
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-08-15 至 2012-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0817131&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Noise; Waves; Synchrony

Ongoing activity in the nervous system and how it impacts sensory and other inputs is the subject of much recent experimental activity. In particular, it is clear that the intrinsic interactions between neuronal circuits in absence of inputs can have a strong impact on how the system responds to incoming stimuli even at the large scale cognitive level. Thus, nonlinear dynamics methods will be applied to problems in theoretical neuroscience dealing with this question. Specifically, the research group will study the propagation of spontaneous and evoked waves in neuronal networks as well as the conditions for synchronization in these systems. The effects of both pulsatile and frozen noise inputs on oscillatory networks of neurons will also be studied. A particular question of interest is how input correlations interact with intrinsic activity to shape the output correlations. Finally, the group will study how different ionic currents and modulators shape the ability of neurons to synchronize their behavior and how they respond to external inputs.How humans perceive the world is governed both by the sensory inputs with which they are constantly bombarded and by their previous experience. This experience, as well as the natural wiring of the nervous system, shapes the spontaneous behavior of our brains and this spontaneous activity strongly modulates the sensory inputs. In this project, computational and mathematical models of neurons are used to understand what kinds of spontaneous behavior are possible, how this depends on the wiring and how this activity interacts with sensory inputs. For example, if many neurons fire together synchronously as a consequence of both common inputs and their intrinsic interactions, this could provide a strong signal for the importance of the sensory stimulus. These studies can help guide experiments which together with models and theory lead to a better understanding of normal brain function.

神经系统中正在进行的活动以及它如何影响感觉和其他输入是最近许多实验活动的主题。特别是，很明显，在没有输入的情况下，神经元回路之间的内在相互作用可以对系统如何响应传入的刺激产生强烈的影响，即使在大规模的认知水平。 因此，非线性动力学方法将被应用于处理这个问题的理论神经科学的问题。具体而言，该研究小组将研究神经网络中自发波和诱发波的传播以及这些系统中同步的条件。 脉动和冻结噪声输入对振荡神经元网络的影响也将被研究。一个特别感兴趣的问题是输入相关性如何与内在活动相互作用以形成输出相关性。最后，该小组将研究不同的离子电流和调制器如何塑造神经元同步其行为的能力，以及它们如何对外部输入做出反应。人类如何感知世界既受到不断轰击的感官输入的影响，也受到他们以前的经验的影响。这种经验，以及神经系统的自然布线，塑造了我们大脑的自发行为，这种自发活动强烈地调节了感官输入。 在这个项目中，神经元的计算和数学模型被用来理解什么样的自发行为是可能的，这如何取决于布线以及这种活动如何与感官输入相互作用。 例如，如果许多神经元由于共同的输入和它们的内在相互作用而同步地一起激发，这可以为感觉刺激的重要性提供强烈的信号。这些研究可以帮助指导实验，这些实验与模型和理论一起可以更好地了解正常的大脑功能。