PostDoctoral Research Fellowship

北纬55°，南纬55°：全球气候变化对东太平洋史前沿海人口和海洋生态系统的影响东北太平洋和火地岛海岸线的考古记录是众所周知的，为了解气候变化对人类及其赖以生存的海洋生态系统的影响提供了至关重要的数据。研究人员将利用这两个地区跨越5000年的考古遗址的数千种鱼类、鸟类、海洋哺乳动物和贝类样本，利用碳、氮和氧的稳定同位素，在100-500年的时间尺度上研究气候变化对海洋生态系统的影响。这些数据将与考古、冰芯、花粉和湖芯记录的现有数据相关联，以研究生态系统破坏对人类适应策略、海洋生态系统的长期动态以及海洋对全球和区域气候事件的响应的影响。这些数据将揭示总体海洋生产力、海洋食物网和气候变化之间的重要长期关系，而人类对这些变化的反应将通过定居和人口模式、社会政治组织和适应战略的变化来研究。该项目首次比较了亚北极和亚南极地区的生态系统和古气候变化以及人类对这些变化的响应。这些长期记录可以用于更好地了解如何确保这两个地区的渔业和渔业社区本身的未来。

Title: 55° North, 55° South: Effects of global climate change on prehistoric coastal populations and marine ecosystems of the eastern pacificThe archaeological records of the Northeast Pacific and Tierra del Fuego coastlines are well known and provide data critical to understanding the effects of climate change on humans and the marine ecosystems they relied upon. Using thousands of fish, bird, sea mammal and shellfish samples from archaeological sites spanning 5000 years in both regions, stable isotopes of carbon, nitrogen and oxygen will be used to investigate the effects of climate change on marine ecosystems in 100-500 year time scales. These data will be correlated with extant data from archaeological, ice core, pollen, and lake core records to investigate the effects of ecosystem disruptions on human adaptive strategies, the long-term dynamics of marine ecosystems, and marine responses to global and regional climatic events. The data will reveal important long-term relationships between overall marine productivity, oceanic food webs, and climatic change while human responses to these changes will be studied through changes in settlement and demographic patterns, socio-political organization and adaptive strategies. This project is the first comparison of ecosystem and paleoclimate change and human responses to these changes between the sub-Arctic and sub-Antarctic regions. The long-term records can be applied to better understanding how to insure the future of fisheries and the fishing communities themselves in both these areas.