Doctoral Dissertation Research: Dissimilation in Phonological Response-Priming

博士论文研究：语音反应启动中的异化

• 批准号: 0817767
• 负责人: Keith Johnson
• 金额: $ 0.1万
• 依托单位: University of California-Berkeley
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-08-01 至 2010-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0817767&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Research; Dissimilation; Phonological

A given speech sound is not always pronounced the same way. This dissertation research investigates what factors constrain variation in pronunciation. Previous speech research has identified many sources of variation in speech sounds: speaker age, gender, dialect, socio-economic background, physical differences between speakers, stylistic differences, psychological and emotional condition, etc. All these sources of variation could easily make speech differ wildly from person to person, but normally the sounds people actually say are relatively similar from utterance to utterance. One common source of variation in the pronunciation of speech sounds is the phonetic nature of nearby sounds. Preliminary experimental results for this dissertation have shown that in some circumstances, there are tendencies for a produced sound to be less like a previously planned sound. This suggests that there is a cognitive mechanism restraining variation.With NSF support, Mr. Tilsen will conduct additional experiments in order to further investigate this phenomenon. The experiments will address important details, including whether the cognitive mechanism responsible for restraining variation is specific to certain types of speech sounds, and whether the mechanism is specific to certain languages or universal. These experiments will contribute to our understanding of speech in a number of ways. Clinicians will be better able to recognize and diagnose speech pathologies; speech recognition and speaker identification technologies will work more reliably. Suggestive similarities between this speech phenomenon and related phenomena in other domains of behavior - such as hand and eye movement - will encourage researchers to look for deep principles governing all types of movement, including speech.

一个给定的语音并不总是以同样的方式发音。本论文研究的是制约语音变异的因素。以往的言语研究已经确定了许多言语声音变异的来源：说话者的年龄，性别，方言，社会经济背景，说话者之间的身体差异，文体差异，心理和情绪状况等。所有这些变异的来源很容易使言语在人与人之间存在很大的差异，但通常情况下，人们实际说的声音是相对相似的从话语到话语。语音发音变化的一个常见来源是附近声音的语音性质。本论文的初步实验结果表明，在某些情况下，产生的声音有不像以前计划的声音的趋势。这表明存在一种抑制变异的认知机制。在NSF的支持下，Tilsen先生将进行额外的实验，以进一步研究这一现象。实验将解决重要的细节，包括负责抑制变异的认知机制是否特定于某些类型的语音，以及该机制是否特定于某些语言或普遍。这些实验将有助于我们从多个方面理解言语。临床医生将能够更好地识别和诊断言语病变;语音识别和说话人识别技术将更可靠地工作。这种言语现象与其他行为领域的相关现象（如手和眼的运动）之间的相似性将鼓励研究人员寻找支配所有类型运动的深层原理，包括言语。