New Filtration Theory via Incorporation of Pore Scale Mechanisms Operating in the Presence of an Energy Barrier

[摘要]美国犹他大学，William p . johnson通过结合存在能量垒的孔隙尺度机制建立新的过滤理论。本提案的主要目标是建立能够准确预测在胶体和表面之间存在能量垒（斥力）的环境条件下颗粒含水层介质中胶体的保留的机制模型。拟议的研究活动是建立在先前开发的平台上，用于在没有能量屏障的情况下对胶体保留的机制描述（胶体过滤理论- CFT）。主要的研究假设是，通过使用创新的孔隙域，在存在能量势垒的情况下，结合正确的保留机制，胶体保留的模拟值将与实验的趋势和值相匹配。这一假设将使用一种适应性策略进行测试，该策略根据发现优先考虑工作。这些方法的成功将通过与在孔到连续尺度实验中观察到的定量胶体保留的趋势和值的比较来衡量。利用计算流体力学（CFD）方法在孔隙域中求解流场。在胶体-收集器尺寸比、流体速度和胶体-收集器相互作用能的范围内，将比较模拟和实验的趋势和胶体保留参数的大小。科学家、从业者、监管者和公众将受益于在排斥存在的条件下预测集电极效率的准确方法。该项目将启动两名博士候选人，并为一名恰好是单身母亲的研究助理的职业前景提供进一步的帮助。对小学生的外展活动将以乘船游览大盐湖的形式进行，与科学家合作，提供以探究为基础的实践探索，探索湖泊分层水中各种颗粒的作用，例如从光合作用到污染物清除和沉积。

ABSTRACTCBET- 0822102Johnson, William P.University of UtahNew filtration theory via incorporation of pore scale mechanisms operating in the presence of an energy barrierThe principal objective of this proposal is to develop mechanistic models which accurately predict the retention of colloids in granular aquifer media under environmental conditions, where energy barrier (repulsion) exists between colloids and surfaces. The proposed research activities are to build on the platform previously developed for mechanistic description of colloid retention in the absence of an energy barrier (colloid filtration theory - CFT). The primary research hypothesis is that simulated values of colloid retention will match trends and values from experiments by using an innovative pore domain that incorporates the correct retention mechanisms operating in the presence of an energy barrier. This hypothesis will be tested using an adaptive strategy that prioritizes the work according to findings. The success of the approaches will be measured by comparison to trends and values quantifying colloid retention observed in pore- to continuum-scale experiments. The flow field will be solved in the pore domains using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) approaches. Simulated and experimental trends and magnitudes of colloid retention parameters will be compared across a range of colloid-collector size ratios, fluid velocities, and colloid-collector interaction energies.Scientists, practitioners, regulators, and the general public will benefit from an accurate method of prediction of collector efficiencies under conditions where repulsion exists. Two Ph.D. candidacies will be initiated with this project, and the career prospects of a Research Associate who also happens to be a single mom will be furthered by this project. Outreach to elementary school children will occur in the form of boat trips on the Great Salt Lake to provide hands-on inquiry-based exploration in partnership with scientists to explore the roles of particulates of all kinds in the stratified waters of the lake, e.g. from photosynthesis to contaminant scavenging and sedimentation.