GOALI: Ultrahigh Sensitivity and Selectivity in Surface Plasmon Resonance Detection

目的：表面等离子体共振（SPR）生物传感器的发展，检测和表征生物分子之间的相互作用，在其生理环境中的灵敏度和选择性相媲美的荧光生物传感器，并在真实的时间分辨率接近或小于milliseconds.智力优点：SPR生物传感器已迅速成为技术的选择，因为它们遵循生物相互作用在生理环境中的真实的时间。现有的SPR生物传感器由于技术噪声而不是由于任何基本限制而不在其灵敏度极限下操作。有源电子噪声抑制技术与传感器配置集成的开发工作在系统噪声的基本限制。通过使用纳米和介孔无机结构材料，提高了灵敏度和选择性。纳米多孔载体提供高表面积以增加受体的附着密度。表面能和孔径（形状）可以被操纵，以提供物理选择的目标物质的大小，形状和形态，并提供了一个强大的平台，在恶劣的environment.Broader影响：所提出的方法是非常适合广泛的技术应用，由于其灵敏度，稳定性和简单性。具有增加的灵敏度和选择性的SPR传感器将允许，除了在水相中的动力学测量，在气相中的高度稀释的病原体的检测。它可用于绘制导致疾病状态的生化途径，监测患者的临床相关分析物，靶向药物的开发，以及检测感染因子和环境毒素。

Objective:Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensors are being developed to detect and characterize interactions between biomolecules in their physiological environments with sensitivity and selectivity comparable to fluorescent biosensors, and in real time at time resolutions approaching or less than milliseconds.Intellectual Merit:SPR biosensors have rapidly emerged as technology of choice because they follow biological interactions in physiological environments in real time. Existing SPR biosensors do not operate at their limits of sensitivity, due to technical noise and not to any fundamental limitations. Active electronic noise suppression techniques integrated with sensor configurations are developed to operate at the fundamental limits of system noise. The sensitivity and selectivity are improved by using nano- and mesoporous inorganic structured materials. Nanoporous supports provide high surface areas for increased attachment density of receptors. The surface energy and pore sizes (shapes) can be manipulated to provide physical selection of target substances by size, shape and morphology, and provide a robust platform in harsh environments.Broader Impacts: The approach proposed is highly amenable to widespread technological use, due to its sensitivity, stability, and simplicity. A SPR sensor with increased sensitivity and selectivity will allow, in addition to kinetic measurements in the aqueous phase, the detection of highly diluted pathogens in the gas phase. It could be used to map biochemical pathways that lead to disease states, monitor patients for clinically relevant analytes, target the development of drugs, and detect infectious agents and environmental toxins.