Doctoral Dissertation Improvement: Testing Theories of Kin and Nonkin Social Bonds in Understanding SocialIinteractions in a Multi-level Society of Sichuan Snub-Nosed Monkey

博士论文改进：检验亲属和非亲属社会纽带理论以理解四川金丝猴多层次社会的社会互动

• 批准号: 0824466
• 负责人: Paul Garber
• 金额: $ 1.23万
• 依托单位: University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-09-01 至 2010-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0824466&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Improvement; Testing; Theories

This project investigates patterns of social interactions and kinship networks of a highly endangered Asian colobine (Rhinopithecus roxellana) in China. Ultimate goals of this study are to explore the evolution of primate sociality, as well as the role of kin and non-kin affiliation and cooperation in the formation of social networks in nonhuman and human primates by studying the uncommon social structures exhibited by R. roxellana. R. roxellana is reported to exhibit a multilevel social system composed of over 100 members in which individuals form one-male-units (OMUs, which include one adult male, several adult females and their offspring), all male units, and bands (several OMUs that travel, feed and rest together). Multi-level societies are rare in primates, and have only been reported in two other species (geladas (Theropithecus gelada), and hamadryas baboons (Papio hamadryas)). Little is known, however, concerning the set of social and ecological factors that promote and maintain stability and tolerance among members of a multi-level social system, and the degree to which individuals residing in the same OMU and band are related. In this project, a 13-month field study of adult individuals of a habituated band of R. roxellana will be conducted. Fecal samples will be collected from adult band members and extract DNA. Two genetic markers, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and microsatellite DNA, to estimate relatedness among band members will be employed. Combed data on affiliative, agonistic, and cooperative behavior with genotype data, will serve to test theories of kin selection, reciprocity, biological markets, and byproduct mutualism in explaining social interactions among individuals of R. roxellana societies. The results of this study will help to identify the social and ecological costs and benefits to individuals of forming large, coordinated, and highly flexible social units. In addition, data on the genetic diversity in approximately 50 Sichuan snub-nosed monkeys will be obtained. This species is highly endangered. Detailed data on social behavior and genetic structure of this species will yield information on their residence patterns, immigration rates, and dispersal distance. Such information is critical for the design and management of natural reserves for R. roxellana.

本研究旨在探讨中国高度濒危的川金丝猴（Rhinopithecus roxellana）的社会互动模式和亲属网络。本研究的最终目的是通过研究R.罗克塞拉娜R.据报道，roxellana展示了一个由100多个成员组成的多层次社会系统，其中个体形成一个雄性单位（OMU，包括一个成年雄性，几个成年雌性及其后代），所有雄性单位和乐队（几个OMU一起旅行，觅食和休息）。多层次社会在灵长类动物中很罕见，只在其他两个物种（狒狒（Theropithecus gelada）和狒狒（Papio hamadryas））中有报道。然而，鲜为人知的是，关于一套社会和生态因素，促进和维持稳定和宽容的成员之间的多层次的社会系统，以及在何种程度上居住在同一OMU和乐队的个人有关。在这个项目中，一个13个月的实地研究的成年个体的习惯带的R。罗克塞拉纳将进行。将从成年带成员中采集粪便样本并提取DNA。两个遗传标记，线粒体DNA（mtDNA）和微卫星DNA，以估计带成员之间的相关性。 将亲和、竞争和合作行为的数据与基因型数据相结合，将有助于检验亲属选择、互惠、生物市场和副产品互惠理论在解释R. roxellana社会这项研究的结果将有助于确定社会和生态的成本和效益，以个人形成大，协调，高度灵活的社会单位。 此外，还将获得约50只川金丝猴的遗传多样性数据。这个物种是高度濒危的。有关该物种社会行为和遗传结构的详细数据将提供有关其居住模式、移民率和传播距离的信息。这些信息对于R自然保护区的设计和管理至关重要。罗克塞拉娜