DHB: Conditions Guiding Coordinative and Adaptive Dynamics in Human Interaction

DHB：人类互动中协调和自适应动态的指导条件

• 批准号: 0826825
• 负责人: Roger Kreuz
• 金额: $ 67.31万
• 依托单位: University of Memphis
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-09-01 至 2013-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0826825&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: DHB; Conditions; Guiding; Coordinative; Adaptive

When two humans interact, they often mirror each other's behavior. While discussing a work of art, their eye movements and gestures may become similar or even synchronize. When conversing face to face, they may adjust to facial expressions and gestures of their conversational partner. In addition, they may carefully adapt their sentences to the shared world that each can see. Therefore when two people interact, to some extent they become one "coupled" system. Like a couple dancing, they adjust their behavior in response to their partner. This research will explore how and when two people can be conceived as one dynamic, coupled system. An interdisciplinary team, consisting of two psychologists, a computer scientist, and a philosopher, will develop experiments and computer simulations to find new ways of understanding this "mirroring" and "adapting" that people seem to do while communicating.Theories of human communication often emphasize strong coupling or, as a default, its absence. This work will supplement such theories by seeking a systematic middle ground based in cognitive mechanisms. How does facilitating memory and attention foster coupling between speakers? Humans can be made to adapt effectively to each other if the conditions are just right, and less often otherwise. The findings from this research could suggest ways of redesigning task environments to facilitate communication between partners. These tasks are common in everyday life, from sharing a computer screen during interaction, navigation, and even educational contexts in which tutors and students discuss visual or other information. The project could help two people couple more strongly, thus helping task partners avoid vagueness and ambiguity, and enhance the efficiency of their communication.

当两个人互动时，他们经常会模仿对方的行为。在讨论一件艺术品时，他们的眼球运动和手势可能会变得相似，甚至同步。当面对面交谈时，他们可能会适应对方的面部表情和手势。此外，他们可能会仔细调整自己的句子，以适应每个人都能看到的共享世界。因此，当两个人互动时，在某种程度上，他们就成了一个“耦合”的系统。就像一对跳舞的情侣一样，他们会根据伴侣的反应来调整自己的行为。这项研究将探索两个人如何以及何时可以被构思为一个动态、耦合的系统。一个由两名心理学家、一名计算机科学家和一名哲学家组成的跨学科团队将开发实验和计算机模拟，以找到理解这种人们似乎在交流时所做的“镜像”和“适应”的新方法。人类交流的理论通常强调强耦合，或者默认情况下，没有强耦合。这项工作将通过在认知机制上寻求一个系统的中间立场来补充这些理论。促进记忆和注意力是如何促进说话者之间的耦合的？如果条件恰到好处，人类可以有效地相互适应，否则就不那么频繁了。这项研究的发现可能会提出重新设计任务环境的方法，以促进合作伙伴之间的沟通。这些任务在日常生活中很常见，从互动时共享计算机屏幕，导航，甚至是教师和学生讨论视觉或其他信息的教育环境。该项目可以帮助两个人更紧密地结合在一起，从而帮助任务伙伴避免含糊不清和模棱两可，提高他们的沟通效率。