DHB: Conditions Guiding Coordinative and Adaptive Dynamics in Human Interaction

当两个人互动时，他们通常会反映对方的行为。在讨论一件艺术品时，他们的眼球运动和手势可能会变得相似甚至同步。当面对面交谈时，他们可能会调整他们的谈话伙伴的面部表情和手势。此外，他们可能会仔细地调整他们的句子，以适应每个人都能看到的共享世界。因此，当两个人相互作用时，在某种程度上，他们成为一个“耦合”系统。就像一对夫妇跳舞一样，他们会根据伴侣的反应调整自己的行为。这项研究将探讨如何以及何时两个人可以被视为一个动态的，耦合的系统。一个由两名心理学家、一名计算机科学家和一名哲学家组成的跨学科团队将开发实验和计算机模拟，以找到理解这种“镜像”和“适应”的新方法，人们在交流时似乎会这样做。人类交流的理论通常强调强耦合，或者作为默认，它的缺失。这项工作将补充这些理论，寻求一个系统的中间立场的认知机制。促进记忆和注意力如何促进说话者之间的耦合？如果条件合适，人类可以有效地相互适应，否则就不那么频繁了。这项研究的结果可以建议重新设计任务环境的方法，以促进合作伙伴之间的沟通。这些任务在日常生活中很常见，从在交互，导航，甚至是教师和学生讨论视觉或其他信息的教育环境中共享计算机屏幕。该项目可以帮助两个人更牢固地耦合，从而帮助任务伙伴避免模糊和歧义，提高他们的沟通效率。

When two humans interact, they often mirror each other's behavior. While discussing a work of art, their eye movements and gestures may become similar or even synchronize. When conversing face to face, they may adjust to facial expressions and gestures of their conversational partner. In addition, they may carefully adapt their sentences to the shared world that each can see. Therefore when two people interact, to some extent they become one "coupled" system. Like a couple dancing, they adjust their behavior in response to their partner. This research will explore how and when two people can be conceived as one dynamic, coupled system. An interdisciplinary team, consisting of two psychologists, a computer scientist, and a philosopher, will develop experiments and computer simulations to find new ways of understanding this "mirroring" and "adapting" that people seem to do while communicating.Theories of human communication often emphasize strong coupling or, as a default, its absence. This work will supplement such theories by seeking a systematic middle ground based in cognitive mechanisms. How does facilitating memory and attention foster coupling between speakers? Humans can be made to adapt effectively to each other if the conditions are just right, and less often otherwise. The findings from this research could suggest ways of redesigning task environments to facilitate communication between partners. These tasks are common in everyday life, from sharing a computer screen during interaction, navigation, and even educational contexts in which tutors and students discuss visual or other information. The project could help two people couple more strongly, thus helping task partners avoid vagueness and ambiguity, and enhance the efficiency of their communication.