AOC: The Ecology of Terrorist Organizations

AOC：恐怖组织的生态

• 批准号: 0826886
• 负责人: Jonathan Wilkenfeld
• 金额: $ 74.94万
• 依托单位: University of Maryland, College Park
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-10-01 至 2012-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0826886&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: AOC; Ecology; Terrorist; Organizations

The goal of this project is to advance understanding of the behavior of terrorist organizations as agents of change. While there has been enormous interest in terrorist organizations, especially since the events of 9/11, systematic unclassified empirical data on terrorist organizations, along with similar political organizations that choose not to use terrorism, has never before been collected and analyzed. This project addresses this knowledge gap by assembling a major new dataset and then uses the tools of the social and behavioral sciences to develop and test models that predict which political organizations are most likely to use terrorist violence to pursue goals.This project generates interdisciplinary insights into the behavior of political organizations as a function of local, national, and international political, social, and economic variables, as well as organizational characteristics. It accomplishes this by analyzing terrorist organization behavior as part of a larger social ecology. The project involves a partnership of more than 15 researchers from 3 major research universities and represents a range of academic disciplines, all of whom share a substantive interest in the dynamics of human behavior. Political scientists, criminologists, and sociologists collaborate to construct integrated models of organizational behavior that take into account the broadly defined context in which an organization operates, building upon existing theories and concepts about social mobilization, political violence, and criminal gang behavioral dynamics. Moreover, computer scientists on our research team provide insights on how information extraction tools can most efficiently classify data to determine if it meets key conditions. Computer scientists and social scientists work together to develop optimal protocols for combining automated and non-automated data-collection efforts specific to the topic of politically active organizations. The combination of these processes allows for transformative research into the dynamics of terrorism, pushing well beyond current theoretical and methodological boundaries.The impact of the data, methods and analyses resulting from this project extends beyond the academic community to the policy realm. The core question?under what conditions does an organization turn to terrorism to pursue its political and social agenda??is of fundamental importance to governments around the world, and the research team assembled for this effort is well positioned to ensure that the knowledge gained from this effort is transferred to interested public officials. The research home for this project is the National Consortium for the Study of Terrorism and Responses to Terrorism (START), a Center of Excellence of the U.S. Department of Homeland Security, with a mandate and the mechanisms to ensure that advances made through this research are communicated directly to the policy community.

该项目的目标是加深对恐怖组织作为变革推动者的行为的理解。尽管人们对恐怖组织产生了极大的兴趣，特别是自 9/11 事件以来，但有关恐怖组织以及选择不使用恐怖主义的类似政治组织的系统性非机密经验数据此前从未被收集和分析过。该项目通过组装一个主要的新数据集来解决这一知识差距，然后使用社会和行为科学的工具来开发和测试模型，预测哪些政治组织最有可能利用恐怖主义暴力来实现目标。该项目对政治组织的行为作为地方、国家和国际政治、社会和经济变量以及组织特征的函数产生跨学科的见解。它通过分析恐怖组织的行为作为更大的社会生态的一部分来实现这一目标。该项目由来自 3 所主要研究型大学的超过 15 名研究人员组成，代表了一系列学科，所有这些学科都对人类行为的动态有着实质性的兴趣。政治学家、犯罪学家和社会学家合作构建组织行为的综合模型，该模型考虑到组织运作的广泛定义的背景，建立在有关社会动员、政治暴力和犯罪团伙行为动态的现有理论和概念的基础上。此外，我们研究团队的计算机科学家还提供了有关信息提取工具如何最有效地对数据进行分类以确定其是否满足关键条件的见解。计算机科学家和社会科学家共同开发最佳协议，以结合针对政治活跃组织主题的自动化和非自动化数据收集工作。这些过程的结合可以对恐怖主义的动态进行变革性研究，远远超出当前的理论和方法论界限。该项目产生的数据、方法和分析的影响超出了学术界，延伸到了政策领域。核心问题——一个组织在什么条件下会转向恐怖主义来追求其政治和社会议程——对于世界各国政府来说至关重要，而为此努力组建的研究团队完全有能力确保将从这项努力中获得的知识传递给感兴趣的公职人员。该项目的研究中心是国家恐怖主义和应对恐怖主义研究联盟 (START)，它是美国国土安全部的卓越中心，其任务和机制确保通过这项研究取得的进展能够直接传达给政策界。