US-Tanzania Planning Grant: Collaborative Research and Education at Olduvai Gorge and the Ngorongoro Volcanic Highlands, Tanzania

这笔计划拨款将使国际和平研究所及其同事能够制定一个跨学科的、协作的国际计划，促进地质学和人类学领域的综合研究。预计这份提案将提交给国际科学和工程办公室的国际学生研究体验项目。研究区域是世界著名的奥杜瓦伊峡谷，它保存了非常丰富的化石记录，包括原始人和石器，以及邻近的恩戈罗火山高地，那里产生了熔岩和火山碎屑，成分从玄武岩到流纹岩，到硅质不饱和物质，包括橄榄岩和碳酸盐。地质学的重点是火山地貌和产物的成因，人类学的重点是人与环境的关系，包括构造地质学、现代文化和古环境重建。在这次计划访问中，该小组将(1)与坦桑尼亚同事现场会面，(2)评估具体的研究和培训活动。活动包括绘制Olduvai内的火山碎屑沉积图，探索区域火山产物之间的差异，以及参观与我们最早祖先的相似之处的现代地貌和构造环境和人类社区。该计划的一个重要特点是代表构造地质学、火山学和地球化学的科学家与人类人类学之间的互动。这些领域的专业人员必须相互作用和相互依赖，但在各自的课程中通常缺乏跨学科培训。该项目代表了美国、肯尼亚和坦桑尼亚科学家之间的合作。美国团队由Tanya Furman、Godwin Mollel(宾夕法尼亚州立大学)和Carl Swisher(罗格斯大学)领导，他们在火山学、地球化学、地球动力学和地质年代学方面拥有专业知识。副校长Makenya Maboko和达累斯萨拉姆大学地质系主任Isaac Marobhe将帮助选择合格的学生，高级讲师Crispin Kinabo将在火山地球化学方面进行合作。坦桑尼亚高等教育科学和技术部主任Evelyn Mbede拥有裂谷构造方面的专业知识，并将在整个项目中参与该领域的工作。

This planning grant will allow the PI and colleagues to develop an interdisciplinary, collaborative international program that promotes integrated research in the fields of geology and anthropology. It is anticipated that the proposal will be submitted to the Office of International Science and Engineering for the International Research Experiences for Students program.The study area is the world-renowned Olduvai Gorge, which preserves a remarkably rich fossil record including hominid and stone artifacts, and the adjacent Ngorongoro Volcanic Highlands that produced lavas and volcaniclastics ranging in composition from basalt through rhyolite to silica undersaturated materials including foidites and carbonatites. The geological focus is on the genesis of volcanic landforms and products, and the anthropological emphasis is on the relationship between man and the environment, including structural geology, modern cultures and paleoenvironmental reconstruction. In this planning visit the team will (1) Meet on site with Tanzanian colleagues and (2) Evaluate specific research and training activities. Activities include mapping volcaniclastic deposits within Olduvai, exploring differences among products of regional volcanoes, and visiting modern geomorphological and tectonic environments and human communities that provide close analogues to those of our earliest ancestors. One important feature of this program is the interaction between scientists representing structural geology, volcanology and geochemistry, and human anthropology. Professionals in these fields must interact and rely upon one another, but cross-disciplinary training is typically lacking in the respective curricula. This project represents a collaboration between scientists in the US, Kenya and Tanzania. The US team is led by Tanya Furman, Godwin Mollel (Penn State University) and Carl Swisher (Rutgers), who have expertise in volcanology, geochemistry, geodynamics and geochronology. Makenya Maboko, Deputy Vice Chancellor and Isaac Marobhe, Geology Department Chair (University of Dar es Salaam) will help select qualified students, and senior lecturer Crispin Kinabo will collaborate on volcanic geochemistry. Evelyn Mbede, Director for the Tanzania Ministry of Higher Education Science and Technology has expertise in rift tectonics and will be in the field throughout the project.